Equitable Research Capacity Towards the  Sustainable Development Goals: The Case for Open Science Hardware

Arancio, Julieta; Tirado, Mayra Morales; Pearce, Joshua M.

doi:10.38126/jspg210202

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The use of open hardware, free software and free-to-use reagents aims to engage students into open source technology and discussions on how this approach can help achieve a paradigm shift towards a global collaborative science and truly open innovation ecosystem [80]. A future scenario in which researchers create, share and build their own instruments upon other designs requires nurturing future generations by addressing the topic of OSH in the curriculum [81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open Educational Resources for distributed hands-on teaching in molecular biology

Cerda,

Aravena,

Zapata

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Open Educational Resources (OER), freely accessible learning, teaching and research materials, have been proposed as key enabling tools to achieve inclusive knowledge societies and equitable access to education. Here, we describe novel OER consisting of low cost and locally produced public domain biological reagents, open source hardware and free software collaborative notebooks to teach LAMP DNA amplification, RT-PCR RNA detection, enzyme kinetics and fluorescence imaging. These resources have been distributed nationwide to students' homes as a lab-in-a-box, i.e. remote teaching during the pandemic lockdowns, as well as in the form of personalized learning environments during in-person teaching after the opening of teaching laboratories. All the protocols and design files are available under open source licenses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open Educational Resources for distributed hands-on teaching in molecular biology

Cerda,

Aravena,

Zapata

et al. 2024

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Even though Dr. Tao / Spaghetti Monster emphasizes the intention not to hinder the development of the industry and their willingness to share designs and patents within the 3-D printing community, from a broader perspective, there are still clear issues with patenting existing open-source technologies, which should not be possible anyway. These issues include: [44,[48][49][50]52,53,118,119], medical technology [120][121][122] and reaching sustainable development goals [123][124][125].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patent Parasites: Non-Inventors Patenting Existing Open-Source Inventions in the 3-D Printing Technology Space

Kulkarni¹,

Pearce²

2023

Preprint

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Open-source 3-D printing has played a pivotal role in revolutionizing the additive manufacturing (AM) landscape, by making distributed manufacturing economic, democratizing access, and fostering far more rapid innovation than antiquated proprietary systems. Unfortunately, some 3-D printing manufacturing companies began deviating from open-source principles and violating licenses for the detriment of the community. To determine if a pattern has emerged of companies patenting clearly open-source innovations, this study presents three case studies from the three primary regions of open-source 3-D printing development (EU, U.S. and China) as well as three aspects of 3-D printing technology (AM materials, an open-source 3-D printer, and core open-source 3-D printing concepts used in most 3-D printers). The results of this review have shown that non-inventing entities called patent parasites are patenting open-source inventions already well-established in the open source community and in the most egregious cases commercialized by one (or several) firms at the time of the patent filing. Patent parasites are able to patent open-source innovations by using a different language, vague patent titles and broad claims that encompass enormous swaths of widely diffused open-source innovation space. This practice poses a severe threat to innovation and several approaches to irradicate the threat are discussed.

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“…There are still clear issues with patenting existing open-source technologies (as clearly demonstrated in the results), which should not be possible anyway. These issues include the following: This can hinder the pace of innovation and delay the benefits that open-source 3-D printing can bring to various industries including science [44,[48][49][50]52,53,118,119] and medical technology [120][121][122] and reaching sustainable development goals [123][124][125].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patent Parasites: Non-Inventors Patenting Existing Open-Source Inventions in the 3-D Printing Technology Space

Kulkarni,

Pearce

2023

Inventions

Self Cite

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Open-source 3-D printing has played a pivotal role in revolutionizing the additive manufacturing (AM) landscape by making distributed manufacturing economic, democratizing access, and fostering far more rapid innovation than antiquated proprietary systems. Unfortunately, some 3-D printing manufacturing companies began deviating from open-source principles and violating licenses for the detriment of the community. To determine if a pattern has emerged of companies patenting clearly open-source innovations, this study presents three case studies from the three primary regions of open-source 3-D printing development (EU, U.S., and China) as well as three aspects of 3-D printing technology (AM materials, an open-source 3-D printer, and core open-source 3-D printing concepts used in most 3-D printers). The results of this review have shown that non-inventing entities, called patent parasites, are patenting open-source inventions already well-established in the open-source community and, in the most egregious cases, commercialized by one (or several) firm(s) at the time of the patent filing. Patent parasites are able to patent open-source innovations by using a different language, vague patent titles, and broad claims that encompass enormous swaths of widely diffused open-source innovation space. This practice poses a severe threat to innovation, and several approaches to irradicate the threat are discussed.

show abstract

Equitable Research Capacity Towards the Sustainable Development Goals: The Case for Open Science Hardware

Cited by 7 publications

References 95 publications

Open Educational Resources for distributed hands-on teaching in molecular biology

Open Educational Resources for distributed hands-on teaching in molecular biology

Patent Parasites: Non-Inventors Patenting Existing Open-Source Inventions in the 3-D Printing Technology Space

Patent Parasites: Non-Inventors Patenting Existing Open-Source Inventions in the 3-D Printing Technology Space

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