Equitable Enforcement of Pandemic-Related Public Health Laws: Strategies for Achieving Racial and Health Justice

Watts, Maya; Michel, Katie Hannon; Breslin, Jessica; Tobin-Tyler, Elizabeth

doi:10.2105/ajph.2020.306112

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…The increase was stronger among counties with mandatory orders and largely driven by counties with higher proportions of limited English language speakers. Persons in these counties may have been subject to inequitable enforcement of orders [34] and increased job losses from business closures [ 35 , 36 ] which may have increased stay-at-home behavior. Counties in Southern U.S. States with higher percentages of persons who speak English less than well may have been impacted by the U.S.-Mexico border closures to reduce movement to retail and businesses on either side of the border [37] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social vulnerability and county stay-at-home behavior during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders, United States, April 7–April 20, 2020

Fletcher

Espey

Grossman

et al. 2021

Annals of Epidemiology

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Purpose Early COVID-19 mitigation relied on people staying home except for essential trips. The ability to stay home may differ by sociodemographic factors. We analyzed how factors related to social vulnerability impact a community's ability to stay home during a stay-at-home order. Methods Using generalized, linear mixed models stratified by stay-at-home order (mandatory or not mandatory), we analyzed county-level stay-at-home behavior (inferred from mobile devices) during a period when a majority of United States counties had stay-at-home orders (April 7–April 20, 2020) with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index (CDC SVI). Results Counties with higher percentages of single-parent households, mobile homes, and persons with lower educational attainment were associated with lower stay-at-home behavior compared with counties with lower respective percentages. Counties with higher unemployment, higher percentages of limited-English-language speakers, and more multi-unit housing were associated with increases in stay-at-home behavior compared with counties with lower respective percentages. Stronger effects were found in counties with mandatory orders. Conclusions Sociodemographic factors impact a community's ability to stay home during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders. Communities with higher social vulnerability may have more essential workers without work-from-home options or fewer resources to stay home for extended periods, which may increase risk for COVID-19. Results are useful for tailoring messaging, COVID-19 vaccine delivery, and public health responses to future outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%