Equiripple design of low‐pass filter using stub‐loaded Z‐shaped coupled‐line section

Abstract

Design procedure of a novel transmission line low-pass filter is presented. The filter has a flexible rejection response for a prescribed cut-off frequency and an in-band ripple factor. It is compact by using a Z-shaped coupled-line section, which is loaded with opencircuited stubs. All of the transmission line elements are identical in electrical length, and the impedances can be calculated by solving certain specific equations according to prescribed in-band specifications. The simulated results show that the circuit can generate low-pass responses with third-, fifth-, and seventh-order filtering functions. The filter order depends on the number and position of the loading stubs. For verification, two sample filters with cut-off frequency of 0.5/0.3 GHz are fabricated using a three-/fivelayer PCB process, which generate seventh-order low-pass filtering responses with good selectivity. The experimental results agree well with the predictions.