Equipment sensitivity to voltage sags-test results for contactors, PCs and gas discharge lamps

Abstract

Abslroct-Voltage sag tolerance levels were measured for samples of three equipment categories sensitive l o sags: C O I I~~C~O A , PCs and gas discharge lamps. An up-to-date voltage waveform generator was used to produce and repeat the evenu as necessary. Remaining voltage and sag duration were the test variables. For E O O~P C~O~S also the effect of paint-on-wave of sag initiation was studied. The resulu were rather well convergent with earlier studies by other institutes. This justifies more generalized eonclusions on performance of these device categories as well as more statistical approach to the issue. This kind of typical equipment sensitivity data is needed as a library for the future sag assessmu1 methods.

Voltage Sags and Equipment Sensitivity: a Practical Investigation

“…The best immunity level was found to be 57% of nominal rms voltage. Different types of gas discharge lamp namely mercury, HPS and metal halide rated from 70 to 250 watts were exposed to voltage sags by Pohjanheimo and Lehtonen (2002). The study concluded that the mercury and HPS lamps are less sensitive to voltage sags than the metal halide ones.…”

“…The sensitivity of PCs to voltage sags is addressed in several references in the past. Seven PCs of different ages were investigated for voltage sags (Pohjanheimo & Lehtonen, 2002). The malfunction criterion for the PCs selected was automatic reboot.…”

“…Therefore some research work has been conduced to predict the behaviour of ac contactors during voltage disturbances (Pohjanheimo & Lehtonen, 2002), (Djokic´ et al, 2004), (Hasmaini & Khalid, 2004). The experiment described in (Pohjanheimo & Lehtonen, 2002) was performed to show the impact of the point on wave, sag duration, and sag amplitude on the performance of ac contactors. It was shown that voltage sag with a specific magnitude and duration can have different effects on a contactor depending on the point on wave where it originates.…”

Identification of Weak Areas of Power Network Based on Exposure to Voltage Sags—Part I: Development of Sag Severity Index for Single-Event Characterization

“…Therefore, in order to accurately evaluate the impact of voltage sags, the sensitivity of equipment and ultimately industrial processes to voltage sags must be known. The sensitivity curves of specific equipment have been intensively investigated [2][3][4], and a number of international standards have been set up to provide guidelines for system/tool design in terms of ride-through capability to voltage sags, such as the voltage tolerance curves recommended in IEEE 1346 [5]. From the customers' and equipment manufacturers' perspective, step-shaped ITIC curve [6], a successor of CBEMA curve, was proposed and recommended for use after extensive research in computer power supplies.…”

Power anomaly effects and costs in low-voltage mobile power systems

“…Sags can drop out relays, contactors, and solenoids used in control systems [16], trip a dc-link, affect power components used in ASDs and programmable logic controllers (PLCs) [13,17], or trigger any fault-detection circuitry used in system and utilization equipment, resulting in disruptions and loss of data. Momentary interruptions can cause electronic equipment misoperation, shutdown, and, in some cases, damage.…”