Equipment for Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Pernia, A.M.; Zorzo, Candela; Prieto, Miguel J.; Martinez, J.A.; Higarza, Sara G.; Méndez, Marta; Árias, Jorge L.

doi:10.1109/tbcas.2020.2981012

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Fourth, it is difficult to predict the spatial distribution of the TMS-induced electric field without a detailed computational model ( Koponen et al, 2020 ). Despite the challenges, there is increasing interest in developing tailored TMS coils for rodents ( Tang et al, 2016 ; Meng et al, 2018 ; Boonzaier et al, 2020 ; Cobos Sánchez et al, 2020 ; Pernia et al, 2020 ; Khokhar et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial magnetic stimulation set-up for small animals

et al. 2022

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely applied on humans for research and clinical purposes. TMS studies on small animals, e.g., rodents, can provide valuable knowledge of the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms. Administering TMS on small animals is, however, prone to technical difficulties, mainly due to their small head size. In this study, we aimed to develop an energy-efficient coil and a compatible experimental set-up for administering TMS on rodents. We applied a convex optimization process to develop a minimum-energy coil for TMS on rats. As the coil windings of the optimized coil extend to a wide region, we designed and manufactured a holder on which the rat lies upside down, with its head supported by the coil. We used the set-up to record TMS–electromyography, with electromyography recorded from limb muscles with intramuscular electrodes. The upside-down placement of the rat allowed the operator to easily navigate the TMS without the coil blocking their field of view. With this paradigm, we obtained consistent motor evoked potentials from all tested animals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial magnetic stimulation set-up for small animals

et al. 2022

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“…Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive, effective brain stimulation technique that can activate cortical neurons; and its principle is based on Faraday's electromagnetic induction theory (10,11). Repetitive TMS (rTMS) can reduce or increase cortical excitability depending on the stimulation frequency (12): low-frequency rTMS (≤1HZ) can reduce the excitability of the motor cortex while high-frequency rTMS (≥5HZ) can excite the adjacent cerebral cortex (13). rTMS has been successfully applied in the treatment of anxiety, depression, epilepsy, stroke, and other neurological and psychotic disorders (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Modulates Frontal and Temporal Time-Varying EEG Network in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Pilot Study

et al. 2022

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Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a highly prevalent yet poorly understood chronic mental disorder. Previous studies have associated GAD with excessive activation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). This study aimed to investigate the effect of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (repetitive TMS, rTMS) targeting the right DLPFC on clinical symptoms and TMS-evoked time-varying brain network connectivity in patients with GAD. Eleven patients with GAD received 1 Hz rTMS treatment targeting the right DLPFC for 10 days. The severity of the clinical symptoms was evaluated using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) at baseline, right after treatment, and at the one-month follow-up. Co-registration of single-pulse TMS (targeting the right DLPFC) and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) was performed pre- and post-treatment in these patients and 11 healthy controls. Time-varying brain network connectivity was analyzed using the adaptive directed transfer function. The scores of HAMA and HAMD significantly decreased after low-frequency rTMS treatment, and these improvements in ratings remained at the one-month follow-up. Analyses of the time-varying EEG network in the healthy controls showed a continuous weakened connection information outflow in the left frontal and mid-temporal regions. Compared with the healthy controls, the patients with GAD showed weakened connection information outflow in the left frontal pole and the posterior temporal pole at baseline. After 10-day rTMS treatment, the network patterns showed weakened connection information outflow in the left frontal and temporal regions. The time-varying EEG network changes induced by TMS perturbation targeting right DLPFC in patients with GAD were characterized by insufficient information outflow in the left frontal and temporal regions. Low-frequency rTMS targeting the right DLPFC reversed these abnormalities and improved the clinical symptoms of GAD.

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