Equipment and Technology Application for Washing Highly Saline Soils

This article develops techniques and technologies for improving the reclamation of lands. It is based on the parameters of the working bodies of the chisel softener for softening the birch and gypsum layer and the parameters of the device that creates hole drainage before the autumn saline wash in saline soils and their application technologies. Due to the use of devices, porous drainage is created compared to the traditional method, and the duration of saline washing is reduced by 15 days when plowing and saline washing. The annual economic efficiency of the chisel softener is 11645758.8 soums. The annual economic efficiency due to the use of the unit for the creation of perforated drainage amounted to 12678675.5 soums.

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Development of technology and equipment for improving the reclamation state of saline soils

Juraev

Rajabov

Farmonov

et al. 2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Equipment and Technology for Subsurface Irrigation of Intensive Gardens in the Bukhara Region of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Жураев

Karimov

2021

S-h. maš. tehnol.

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Experience shows that for the irrigation of intensive gardens, various types of equipment and technologies are used, such as continuous irrigation (invasive), drip irrigation, subsurface irrigation and other methods. All irrigation options have some shortcomings, such as water evaporation, high water consumption, high consumption of mineral fertilizers and energy. (Research purpose) To develop an automated system for subsurface irrigation of intensive gardens with groundwater using electric pumps and solar panels, and to create a mathematical model of soil moisture distribution. (Materials and methods) Special devices shaped as pegs were designed to supply water with dissolved mineral fertilizers directly into the root system of intensive gardens. The authors investigated the pegs’ geometric parameters and the criteria for their placement in the soil, taking into account the consumption of water and nutrients. The authors examined soil mechanical composition and salinity as well as its physical and mechanical, technological properties. (Results and discussion) It was found out that the installation of the peg facilitates soil moisturizing through the central pipeline within the radius of 1.55-1.75 meters at the depth of 0.7-0.9 meters. Three-four pegs, being equidistant from each other and inclined in relation to the vertical axis by 20-30 degrees, were placed around a tree. Water consumption was determined for various irrigation methods: for furrow irrigation (control) – 1125.7 cubic meters per hectare, for continuous irrigation (invasive) – 1812.3 cubic meters per hectare, for drip irrigation – 618.6 and subsurface irrigation – 506.4 cubic meters per hectare. (Conclusions) Based on the results of the experimental study carried out in farms with intensive gardens using various irrigation methods, continuous irrigation (invasive), drip irrigation and subsurface irrigation were compared in terms of water consumption. The results show that drip irrigation and subsurface irrigation ensure less water consumption than flood irrigation, by 46 per cent and 57 per cent respectively. It was found out that subsurface irrigation ensures 57 per cent water and 25-35 per cent mineral fertilizer economy, in comparison with the other methods of providing trees with water and nutrients.

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Substantiation of the Parameters for the Grinder of Mineral Fertilizers in the ChiselCultivator Hopper

2022

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The problem of increasing the irrigated lands productivity and ensuring sufficient reserves of minerals and nutrients for plants is noted to be important in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In practice, when preparing land for sowing cotton, wheat, soybeans and other crops, the application of mineral fertilizers is provided with the help of a chisel cultivator that has two separate hoppers for mineral fertilizers with a capacity of 50 kilograms each. It was revealed that large lumps of caked fertilizers remain in the hoppers, which reduces the productivity and quality of the unit. It was recommended to use an improved device with one container and special grinders for mineral fertilizers installed there.Research purpose To substantiate the parameters for the grinder of large lumps of mineral fertilizers in the chisel-cultivator hopper.Materials and methods The study was focused on the parameters and performance of a mineral fertilizer grinder operating by means of a rotation provided by the unit support wheel.Results and discussion The parameters of the chisel-cultivator were determined for grinding and applying mineral fertilizers at the stage of preparing the soil for sowing.Conclusions A unit with grinding working bodies was developed to install in a chisel-cultivator hopper. The following parameters were specified: the shaft diameter is 40 millimeters, the toothed bar height is 25-30 millimeters, the width is 8–10 millimeters, and the thickness is 2-3 millimeters. In total, 18 bars were fixed in one compartment of the hopper, and 180 pieces in 10 compartments. The selected parameters of the mineral fertilizer grinder in the hopper with a capacity of 350 kilograms facilitate the application of up to 300 kilograms per hectare.

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Equipment and Technology Application for Washing Highly Saline Soils

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Development of technology and equipment for improving the reclamation state of saline soils

Development of technology and equipment for improving the reclamation state of saline soils

Equipment and Technology for Subsurface Irrigation of Intensive Gardens in the Bukhara Region of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Substantiation of the Parameters for the Grinder of Mineral Fertilizers in the ChiselCultivator Hopper

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Equipment and Technology Application for Washing Highly Saline Soils

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Development of technology and equipment for improving the reclamation state of saline soils

Development of technology and equipment for improving the reclamation state of saline soils

Equipment and Technology for Subsurface Irrigation of Intensive Gardens in the Bukhara Region of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Substantiation of the Parameters for the Grinder of Mineral Fertilizers in the Chisel­Cultivator Hopper

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Product

Resources

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Substantiation of the Parameters for the Grinder of Mineral Fertilizers in the ChiselCultivator Hopper