Equine neutrophil elastase in plasma, laminar tissue, and skin of horses administered black walnut heartwood extract

Pouyade, Geoffroy de la Rebière de; Riggs, Laura; Moore, James N.; Franck, Thierry; Deby‐Dupont, G.; Hurley, David J.; Serteyn, Didier

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.10.024

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This underlines the major role of neutrophil activation [13][14][15][16]. The hypothesis of an involvement of neutrophil-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction was previously observed in muscle micro-biopsies from horses after strenuous exercise [17].…”

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confidence: 55%

Muscle Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Horses Affected by Acute Laminitis

et al. 2014

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Laminitis is a common and debilitating disease affecting horses and ponies. It often leads to the demise of the animal. Energy deficiency is suspected to entrain the disruption of the hemidesmosomes leading to the failure of the dermal-epidermal interface. The aim of this study was to measure the muscle mitochondrial function by high resolution respirometry. Muscle micro-biopsies were obtained from 11 horses affected by acute metabolic laminitis, 6 horses affected by acute laminitis resulting from a systemic inflammation response syndrome and 28 healthy horses distributed in 2 control groups: 17 horses with a body condition score [BSC, ranging from 0 (emaciated) to 5 (obese)] of 2 to 3 and 11 horses with a BSC of 4 to 5. During the acute phase of laminitis, a significant reduction of the muscle mitochondrial respiration was observed. The muscle mitochondrial dysfunction occurred independently of the etiology (metabolic disorder or systemic inflammation) leading to laminitis. The reduction of the oxidative phosphorylation and of the maximal respiratory capacity (after uncoupling) may induce depletion of the cell's ATP content. If the same mitochondrial alteration occurs in the foot lamina, mitochondria targeting should be considered for the future, not only to better understand the physiopathology of the disease but also to maintain and to support the mitochondrial function before reaching the « mitochondrial dysfunction threshold » that may lead to the failure of the dermal-epidermal interface.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Muscle Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Horses Affected by Acute Laminitis

et al. 2014

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“…2,3 A particular risk factor is endotoxemia, 4-6 a clinical syndrome that develops when endotoxin from gram-negative bacteria enters the bloodstream and causes a systemic inflammatory response. 7 Laminitis can be regarded as a local manifestation of such a systemic inflammatory response, 5,6,8 and changes in the laminar tissues are similar to those in organs at risk of failure in humans with sepsis. 5,9 These changes include leukocyte and endothelial activation that results in induction of a number of proinflammatory mediators, which alter endothelial permeability and vasoregulation, activate platelets with induction of the coagulation cascade, and lead to leukocyte (primarily ABBREVIATIONS PDL Primary dermal lamellae PEL Primary epidermal lamellae ROS Reactive oxygen species SDL Secondary dermal lamellae neutrophil) adhesion and migration through the activated vascular wall.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…5,9 These changes include leukocyte and endothelial activation that results in induction of a number of proinflammatory mediators, which alter endothelial permeability and vasoregulation, activate platelets with induction of the coagulation cascade, and lead to leukocyte (primarily ABBREVIATIONS PDL Primary dermal lamellae PEL Primary epidermal lamellae ROS Reactive oxygen species SDL Secondary dermal lamellae neutrophil) adhesion and migration through the activated vascular wall. 6,8,10 Leukocyte activation, adhesion, and migration in several equine tissues have been assessed by the use of immunohistochemical detection of myeloperoxidase or calprotectin. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Myeloperoxidase, which can be regarded as a specific marker for the presence of activated neutrophils, 11,18 is an important enzyme used by neutrophils during phagocytic lysis of microorganisms.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…19 It has potent proinflammatory properties and contributes directly to tissue injury during the development of laminitis. 8,11,20 Additionally, myeloperoxidase catalyzes the production of ROS, which can cause local tissue damage and may also play an important role in laminar failure in laminitis. 2,19,21 Calprotectin is an inflammatory protein complex found in activated leukocytes such as granulocytes (especially neutrophils), macrophages, and monocytes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of endotoxin on leukocyte activation and migration into laminar tissue of isolated perfused equine limbs

Patan-Zugaj

Gauff²,

Plendl³

et al. 2014

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“…In other studies, [19][20][21][22] neutrophilic proinflammatory molecules and enzymes (such as lactoferrin, neutrophil elastase, lysozyme, MPO, and calprotectin) were assayed to evaluate the activation status of neutrophils during intestinal IR and inflammation. Calprotectin is a proinflammatory protein that is a sensitive marker of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, [23][24][25][26] but it also has anti-inflammatory and protective functions including oxidant scavenging, antimicrobial activity, stimulation of tissue repair, and regulation of the antiinflammatory response of macrophages.…”

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confidence: 99%