Equine Influenza Virus: An Old Known Enemy in the Americas

Gonzalez-Obando, Juliana; Forero, J. E; Zuluaga-Cabrera, Angélica M; Ruíz-Saenz, Julián

doi:10.3390/vaccines10101718

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 93 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is reasonable to assume that these areas have favorable environmental conditions and a sufficient number of susceptible animals, creating conditions for the occurrence of EI. Once an EI occurs in these areas, the EIV can persist for an extended period, and the risk of an epidemic remains ( 40 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal pattern and suitable areas analysis of equine influenza in global scale (2005–2022)

Ding,

Wang,

Liang

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Equine influenza (EI) is a severe infectious disease that causes huge economic losses to the horse industry. Spatial epidemiology technology can explore the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and occurrence risks of infectious diseases, it has played an important role in the prevention and control of major infectious diseases in humans and animals. For the first time, this study conducted a systematic analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution of EI using SaTScan software and investigated the important environmental variables and suitable areas for EI occurrence using the Maxent model. A total of 517 occurrences of EI from 2005 to 2022 were evaluated, and 14 significant spatiotemporal clusters were identified. Furthermore, a Maxent model was successfully established with high prediction accuracy (AUC = 0.920 ± 0.008). The results indicated that annual average ultraviolet radiation, horse density, and precipitation of the coldest quarter were the three most important environmental variables affecting EI occurrence. The suitable areas for EI occurrence are widely distributed across all continents, especially in Asia (India, Mongolia, and China) and the Americas (Brazil, Uruguay, USA, and Mexico). In the future, these suitable areas will expand and move eastward. The largest expansion is predicted under SSP126 scenarios, while the opposite trend will be observed under SSP585 scenarios. This study presents the spatial epidemiological characteristics of EI for the first time. The results could provide valuable scientific insights that can effectively inform prevention and control strategies in regions at risk of EI worldwide.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal pattern and suitable areas analysis of equine influenza in global scale (2005–2022)

Ding,

Wang,

Liang

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Anorexia, lethargy, and nasal discharge are also characteristic features of EIV infection. In the context of vaccinated animals, animals usually recover within 7–10 days, while morbidity can reach 100% in non-immunized populations [ 74 , 75 ]. Consistent with the respiratory route of infection, the inflammation of the airways is observed, characterized by peribronchial and peribronchiolar hyperemia, mononuclear cell infiltration, the exudation of neutrophils and macrophages, and alveolar edema.…”

Section: Equine Influenza Virus (Eiv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consistent with the respiratory route of infection, the inflammation of the airways is observed, characterized by peribronchial and peribronchiolar hyperemia, mononuclear cell infiltration, the exudation of neutrophils and macrophages, and alveolar edema. In some cases, there have also been reports of myocarditis [ 74 , 76 , 77 ].…”

Section: Equine Influenza Virus (Eiv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interactions of Equine Viruses with the Host Kinase Machinery and Implications for One Health and Human Disease

Anderson

Baha

Boghdeh

et al. 2023

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zoonotic pathogens that are vector-transmitted have and continue to contribute to several emerging infections globally. In recent years, spillover events of such zoonotic pathogens have increased in frequency as a result of direct contact with livestock, wildlife, and urbanization, forcing animals from their natural habitats. Equines serve as reservoir hosts for vector-transmitted zoonotic viruses that are also capable of infecting humans and causing disease. From a One Health perspective, equine viruses, therefore, pose major concerns for periodic outbreaks globally. Several equine viruses have spread out of their indigenous regions, such as West Nile virus (WNV) and equine encephalitis viruses (EEVs), making them of paramount concern to public health. Viruses have evolved many mechanisms to support the establishment of productive infection and to avoid host defense mechanisms, including promoting or decreasing inflammatory responses and regulating host machinery for protein synthesis. Viral interactions with the host enzymatic machinery, specifically kinases, can support the viral infectious process and downplay innate immune mechanisms, cumulatively leading to a more severe course of the disease. In this review, we will focus on how select equine viruses interact with host kinases to support viral multiplication.

show abstract

“…Hal ini pernah dilaporkan oleh Gonzalez-Obando et al (2022) yang menyatakan bahwa virus EI galur H3N8 telah menginfeksi populasi anjing balap di Amerika Serikat, Australia, dan Britania Raya pada tahun 2004. Urutan RNA virus dari A/canine/ Florida/43/2004 memiliki kemiripan sebesar 96% dengan galur virus EI pada kuda yang beredar saat itu.…”

Section: Penilaian Dampakunclassified

Analisis Risiko Kualitatif terhadap MasuknyaVirus Equine Influenza ke Indonesia MelaluiPemasukan Kuda Asal Belanda

Muhammad,

Murtini,

Pribadi

2023

jveteriner

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Equine Influenza (EI) adalah penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan akut yang sangat menular pada hewan dalam keluarga equidae seperti kuda, keledai dan zebra yang disebabkan oleh dua subtipe Virus Influenza A (H7N7 dan H3N8) dari famili Orthomyxoviridae. Belum terdapat data ilmiah mengenai keberadaan virus EI di Indonesia hingga saat ini. Kuda yang dimasukkan (diimpor) dari Belanda ke Indonesia diperuntukkan sebagai kuda pacu dalam olahraga berkuda, hewan kesayangan dan pembibitan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkirakan besarnya peluang risiko masuknya virus EI ke Indonesia melalui pemasukan kuda dari Belanda menggunakan kerangka analisis risiko kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data primer diperoleh dari pendapat pakar, pengamatan langsung, wawancara, sertifikat kesehatan dari negara asal, dan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorik. Data sekunder diambil melalui pustaka, penerbitan ilmiah, dan data dari instansi berwenang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkiraan risiko pada penilaian pelepasan virus EI ke Indonesia secara keseluruhan dinilai sangat tinggi dan perkiraan risiko pada penilaian pendedahan virus EI oleh kuda terinfeksi ke hewan rentan dan lingkungan di Indonesia secara keseluruhan dinilai tinggi.Dampak secara langsung dan tidak langsung masuknya virus EI ke Indonesia secara keseluruhan diduga sangat tinggi. Perkiraan tingginya risiko yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini dapat diturunkan melalui pengelolaan risiko yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah terhadap kepastian status EI di Belanda, pemeriksaan laboratorik, pedoman tindakan karantina, pengetahuan masyarakat dan peninjauan status EI di Indonesia.

show abstract

Equine Influenza Virus: An Old Known Enemy in the Americas

Cited by 5 publications

References 93 publications

Spatiotemporal pattern and suitable areas analysis of equine influenza in global scale (2005–2022)

Spatiotemporal pattern and suitable areas analysis of equine influenza in global scale (2005–2022)

Interactions of Equine Viruses with the Host Kinase Machinery and Implications for One Health and Human Disease

Analisis Risiko Kualitatif terhadap MasuknyaVirus Equine Influenza ke Indonesia MelaluiPemasukan Kuda Asal Belanda

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About