Equine Bacterial and Fungal Diseases: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Update

White, Stephen D.

doi:10.1053/j.ctep.2005.10.004

Cited by 20 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Histopathology and cytology do not differentiate between the hyphae from P. insidiosum and zygomycetes fungi (GAASTRA et al, 2010, SANTURIO et al, 2006b. Its early diagnosis is difficult as several differential diagnoses can be considered, such as cutaneous habronemosis, neoplasia, exuberant granulomatous tissue and fungal and bacterial granulomas (GAASTRA et al, 2010;LEAL et al, 2001;WHITE, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine pythiosis: Report of 28 cases from São Paulo State, Brazil

et al. 2015

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Pythiosis is a granulomatous lesion of the skin and subcutaneous tissues caused by Pythium insidiosum, a microorganism belonging to the Stramenopila Kingdom and the Oomycetes Class. The pathogen is commonly found in water environments, mainly in tropical areas of the world. Twenty eight cases of equine pythiosis were presented at the Large Animal Surgery Department of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Brazil in six years. Among the 28 animals, 13 presented distal lesions on the limbs, with four being immediately euthanized and seven dying due to loss of body condition leading to cachexia. The horses presented with one or more wounds in the body, distributed as follows: limbs (13 distal, four proximal), abdominal region (7), thoracic region (1), pectoral region (1), lumbar region (1), nasal region (1) and prepuce (1). The diagnosis was made by the association of the macroscopic aspects of the lesions with the histopathology, isolation of the pathogen and/or nested-PCR. Treatments included surgical removal of the lesion (16), potassium iodide 67 mg kg -1 PO sid (23), intravenous regional perfusion with 50 mg of amphotericin B (6) and immunotherapy (8). Pythiosis is a disease that develops quickly, but its diagnosis is time-consuming; therefore, establishing an early treatment with special attention to the involvement of distal regions of the limbs is important. Key words: Equine, granulomatous, pythiosis, Pythium insidiosum, surgery, wound ResumoA pitiose é uma doença granulomatosa do tecido cutâneo e subcutâneo causado pelo oomiceto Pythium insidiosum, microorganismo pertencente ao reino Stramenopila, classe Oomycetes. O agente é comumente encontrado em ambientes aquáticos, principalmente nas áreas tropicais do mundo. Foram atendidos 28 casos no Serviço de Clínica Cirúrgica de Grandes Animais da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil. Dentre os 28 animais, 13 apresentaram lesões distais de membro, sendo quatro imediatamente submetidos à eutanásia e sete morreram devido à perda progressiva de condição corporal levando a caquexia. Os equinos apresentaram uma ou mais lesões, distribuídas da seguinte forma: membros (13 distais e quatro proximais), região abdominal (7), região torácica (1), região peitoral (1), região lombar (1), região nasal (1), prepúcio (1). O diagnóstico foi baseado na associação dos achados macroscópicos, histopatológicos, isolamento do patógeno e/ou nested-PCR. Os tratamentos incluíram: remoção cirúrgica (16), iodeto de potássio 67 mg kg -1 VO Sid (23), perfusão regional com 50 mg de anfotericina B (6) e imunoterapia (8 de rápido desenvolvimento, sendo imprescindível o diagnóstico rápido com especial atenção às lesões localizadas na região distal do membro.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine pythiosis: Report of 28 cases from São Paulo State, Brazil

et al. 2015

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“…2,6,7,10 Debris removal is of paramount importance because it allows direct contact of the active ingredient with the organism and promotes drainage. 2,6,7,10 Debris removal is of paramount importance because it allows direct contact of the active ingredient with the organism and promotes drainage.…”

Section: Topical Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Skin Diseases

Scott

2011

Equine Dermatology

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“…Es conocida en Colombia como "espúndia equina o ficomicosis" (2-4); en Brasil, como "ferida brava, mal dos pântanos y ferida de moda" (5); en otras partes del mundo, como "dermatitis granular, sanguijuelas de la Florida, hongo de la Costa del Golfo, bursatee e hifomicosis" (6).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…It is known in Colombia as "espundia equina or phycomycosis" (2-4); in Brazil, as "ferida brava, mal dos pântanos y ferida de moda" (5); in other parts of the world as "granular dermatitis, Florida leeches, Gulf Coast fungus, bursatee and hyphomycosis" (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pythiosis cutánea en equinos tratados con acetonida de triamcinolona. Parte 1. Caracterización clínica

2016

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Objective. The objective of the present study was to characterizer clinically of the healing process of cutaneous pythiosis in horses treated with triamcinolone acetonide. Materials and methods. We conducted a descriptive study, not probabilistic, of convenience. 24 horses were used with cutaneous pythiosis confirmed, a group of 12 animals was administered 50 mg of intramuscular injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TG) and the other group was not applied any treatment (CG). They are undergoing clinical and microscopic characterization of the lesion every 4 days until the complete recovery of granuloma in the GT. Being verified decreased fibrin bloody exudate, pruritus, presence of fistulae and output kunkers, likewise radiographic projections were performed to assess the degree of compromise bone and tissue fibrosis. Results. Macroscopically animals GT present progressive decrease in the clinical features of the disease at 16±1.4 days post treatment application. The wound contraction was 100% at 60±3.4 days after application of the treatment in all granulomas of GT, being highly significant (p<0.0001). Radiological monitoring of chronic skin lesions, met invasion to underlying tissues compromising bone structures, characterized by tissue fibrosis, moderate exostosis, bake as osteolysis and osteomyelitis. Neither of the animals in the CG showed improvement in clinical characteristics, and macroscopic of pythiosis and maintained equal to the first day throughout the study. Conclusions. The use of triamcinolone acetonide is a good therapeutic alternative for the treatment of granulomatous Pythiosis wounds in horses with 100% clinical recovery.Keywords: Pythium insidiosum, oomicosis, Kunkers, granuloma (Source: MeSh). RESUMENObjetivo. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar clínicamente el proceso de cicatrización de la pythiosis cutánea en equinos tratados con acetonida de triamcinolona. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, no probabilístico, de conveniencia. Fueron utilizados 24 equinos con pythiosis cutánea. A un grupo le fue aplicado 50 mg de acetonida de triamcinolona vía intramuscular (GT) y al otro grupo no fue aplicado tratamiento (GC). Se realizó caracterización clínica y macroscópica de la lesión cada 4 días hasta la recuperación completa del granuloma en el GT. Siendo verificada la disminución del 5512REVISTA MVZ CÓRDOBA • Volumen 21(3) Septiembre -Diciembre 2016 exudado fibrinosanguinolento, prurito, presencia de trayectos fistulosos y salida de kunkers, también, fueron realizadas proyecciones radiológicas para evaluar el grado de compromiso óseo y fibrosis tecidual. Resultados. Macroscópicamente, los animales del GT presentaron diminución progresiva en las características clínicas de la enfermedad a los 16±1,4 días post aplicación del tratamiento. La contracción de la herida fue del 100% a los 60±3.4 días post aplicación del tratamiento en todos los granulomas del GT, siendo altamente significativa (p<0.0001). Radiológicamente, se encontró invasión a los tejidos subyacente...

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Equine Bacterial and Fungal Diseases: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Update

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Equine pythiosis: Report of 28 cases from São Paulo State, Brazil

Equine pythiosis: Report of 28 cases from São Paulo State, Brazil

Bacterial Skin Diseases

Pythiosis cutánea en equinos tratados con acetonida de triamcinolona. Parte 1. Caracterización clínica

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