Equine-associated maxillofacial injuries: retrospective 5-year analysis

Islam, Shofiq; Gupta, Benjamin; Taylor, Christopher J.; Chow, Jeffrey; Hoffman, Gary R.

doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2013.09.019

Cited by 14 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…By contrast, in the older adults 10 patients were male and 1 was female. Similar age‐related gender distributions have been reported in previous studies 43‐47 . Only a third (11 of 33) of the maxillofacial fractures were due to a fall from the saddle, whereas, as in previous reports, 45,47 two thirds of patients (n = 22) were injured due to a kick by the horse or a strong movement of its head, as a consequence of incorrect handling or the unpredictable nature of the horse.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Step Activity Days been reported in previous studies. [43][44][45][46][47] Only a third (11 of 33) of the maxillofacial fractures were due to a fall from the saddle, whereas, as in previous reports, 45,47 highlighting the importance of a mouthguard to reduce the frequency and severity of these injuries. 48 In the present study, the incidences of dentoalveolar fractures, nasal fractures, and facial lacerations were underestimated because in the hospital these injuries are managed by dentists, otorhinolaryngologists, and plastic surgeons, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

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Comprehensive analyses of maxillofacial fractures due to non‐professional sports activities in Italy

Bojino

Roccia²,

Giaccone

et al. 2020

Dental Traumatology

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Background/Aim: Sports activities have become increasingly popular among amateurs and this has led to an increase in maxillofacial fractures. The aim of this study was to investigate the management of amateur sport-related maxillofacial fractures and appropriate preventive measures. Methods: A trauma database was used to analyze 3231 patients with maxillofacial fractures admitted to the Maxillofacial Surgery Division of Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy, from January 2001 to December 2019. Only patients with non-professional sports-related maxillofacial fractures were included. The following data were collected: age, gender, type of sport, mechanisms of injury, sites of fracture, Facial Injury Severity Scale, associated injuries, month of trauma, time to treatment, treatment, length of stay, and interval before return to sport. Results: There were 432 patients, 378 males and 54 females, with a mean age of 29.2 (5-76 years). Sport-related maxillofacial fractures' relative percent ranged from 11.1% in 2001 to 17.5% in 2019. Soccer was the most common cause of sport-related maxillofacial fractures (54.2%), and impact with a player/opponent was the main mechanism of injury (72%). An intentional violent act (player hit by a fist) was the cause of fracture in 8.5% of the soccer-related injuries. Fractures of the middle third of the face occurred in 61.2% of patients. Maxillofacial fractures were treated within 24 h in 25% of patients. There were 343 out of 412 patients who received open reduction and internal fixation (mean length of hospital stay: 3.7 days). There was no contraindication to resuming sport activities at 30/40 days after treatment, except for combat sports. Conclusions: This study provided further evidence of a relative increase in sportsrelated maxillofacial fractures. Soccer is related to the majority of sport maxillofacial fractures. Adherence to the rules is necessary to limit violent acts that cause such injuries. In non-professional players, resumption of the full activity is allowed after 40 days for non-combat sports.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Comprehensive analyses of maxillofacial fractures due to non‐professional sports activities in Italy

Bojino

Roccia²,

Giaccone

et al. 2020

Dental Traumatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…11 Although many head injuries are associated with falling, they may also be the result of other mechanisms. 14,28 When un-mounted, the head may make contact with some part of the barn structure or the horse can swing it's head or kick, making contact with some part of the athlete's head.…”

Section: Headmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,28 Orbital floor, jaw and zygomatic arch injuries occur in both mounted and un-mounted situations 14,29 Most of the facial injuries reported in another study were soft tissue (56%) with the others being bony. Of those, 58% resulted in fracture.…”

Section: Headmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Injury History in the Collegiate Equestrian Athlete: Part II: Head, Upper and Lower Extremities

Pilato¹,

Henry²,

Malavase³

2017

JSMAHS

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ATC€, Drussila Malavase Co-Chair ASTM F08.55 Equestrian Safety¥ Monroe Community College ‡, State University New York; Brockport€, Equestrian Safety¥ Purpose: Equestrian sports are known to have a high risk and rate of injury. While there is injury data available on acute injuries in the equestrian population, it is of a general nature. Within that data appears to be a lack of information on the collegiate equestrian athlete. Thus, the purpose of the current study and this analysis is to describe the incidence of upper and lower extremity injuries and head injuries, sans concussion, in intercollegiate equestrian athlete. Method: A survey was developed with input from each author and implemented in Mach forms. It was sent to 43 equestrian coaches in the Eastern United States who passed it on to their athletes. We estimated 753 athletes would have access to the survey and had a total of 73 respondents. Descriptive statistics were calculated for total number of injuries for each injury category. Results: Detailed injury information on the upper and lower extremity and head is found in tables 1-10. The upper and lower extremity and head accounted for 15.97, 60.35 and 4.33 percent respectively of the injuries in this group of athletes. Conclusions and Recommendations: The current study is amongst the first, if not the first, to report specifically on injury patterns and frequency in US collegiate equestrian athletes. The data indicate that there is an extremely high incidence of injury in the collegiate equestrian population. The lower extremity is particularly susceptible to injury in the equestrian athletes. The lack of data available in a sport, which can be classified as collision and has the potential for significant, long-standing disability from an early age due to interaction with the horse, is troubling. Significantly more sport specific research is needed to improve the health and safety of these athletes.

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Retrospective analysis of 15 years of horse-related maxillofacial fracture data at a major German trauma center

Stier

Tavassol

Dupke

et al. 2020

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of the mechanism of trauma (fall versus kick), rider demographics, equestrian experience, protective equipment, and whether or not a horse was shod on the anatomic site of a horse-related maxillofacial fracture, operating time, postoperative complication rate, and length of hospital stay. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients treated for horse-related maxillofacial fractures at a single institution in Germany between January 2000 and March 2015. We used linear and logistic regression to test the above-mentioned variables for statistical correlations. Results During the study period, we treated 138 horse-related facial fractures in 71 patients. The mean patient age was 34.5 years, and 80.3% of the injuries occurred in women. Most of the maxillofacial fractures were the result of a horse kick (71.8%) when unmounted and the majority occurred in more experienced riders (70.4%). There was a significant association of wearing of protective equipment with a shorter hospital stay and lower risk of postoperative complications. Conclusion More education is needed in the equestrian community regarding the use of protective equipment when unmounted. Safety helmets should be redesigned to include a faceguard and be worn at all times.

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Equine-associated maxillofacial injuries: retrospective 5-year analysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Comprehensive analyses of maxillofacial fractures due to non‐professional sports activities in Italy

Comprehensive analyses of maxillofacial fractures due to non‐professional sports activities in Italy

Injury History in the Collegiate Equestrian Athlete: Part II: Head, Upper and Lower Extremities

Retrospective analysis of 15 years of horse-related maxillofacial fracture data at a major German trauma center

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