Equilibrium solubility of alcohols in polystyrene attained by controlled diffusion

Bernardo, Gabriel; Veselý, D.

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.12.027

Cited by 22 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We used the same PS previously used to study the solubility of alcohols1 and carboxylic acids,2 that is, PS (in the form of granules) purchased from Sigma–Aldrich [Gillingham, Dorset, U.K] (catalogue number 43,010‐2) with the following specifications: weight‐average molecular weight = 230,000, number‐average molecular weight = 140,000, melt flow index = 7.5 g/10 min, and T g = 94°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we used three different ways of expressing solubility: (1) the mass percentage of the solvent in the total mass, (2) the volume fraction of the solvent in the total volume, and (3) the milimoles of the solvent per gram of the polymer. These were all used and fully described in our previous work 1, 2…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This assumption is common in studies of polymer swelling (e.g., refs. 1, 2, and24–26). Our attempts to evaluate the volume changes experimentally were unsuccessful, and therefore we consider this assumption to be reasonable and the volume changes to be well within the experimental error.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The densities of PS (g/cm 3 ) used in this work are listed in Table III. These were calculated with the same arguments that we have used before,1, 2 taking into account that our PS had a T g value of 94°C as indicated in the Aldrich catalogue.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we have applied the gravimetric method reported earlier1, 2 to measure the solubility diagrams of a series of alkanes in a polystyrene (PS) matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solubility of alkanes in a polystyrene matrix

Bernardo

Veselý

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The solubilities of seven alkanes in a matrix of uncrosslinked polystyrene were measured at several different temperatures. A gravimetric method reported earlier was used to monitor the sorption of the solvents. The experimental measurements showed unambiguously that the solubility of the alkanes diffusing into a polystyrene matrix reached a constant and reproducible value typical for each system and temperature. These values could be interpreted very well with the Flory-Huggins solubility parameter (w ¼ a(entropic contribution to x) þ b(enthalpic contribution to x)/T[absolute temperature in Kelvin (K)]) or with the van't Hoff equation (ln K S ¼ DS/R(gas constant) À DH/RT, where K S is the equilibrium constant, DS is the entropy change, and DH is the enthalpy change).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we have applied the gravimetric method reported earlier1, 2 to measure the solubility diagrams of a series of alkanes in a polystyrene (PS) matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solubility of alkanes in a polystyrene matrix

Bernardo

Veselý

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Thermodynamic analysis of phase equilibrium and surface tension of ternary polymer solutions

Yang

Bae

2019

AIChE Journal

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The liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) and surface behavior of polymer solutions were investigated. Systems of poly vinyl methyl ether (PVME)/water and polystyrene (PS)/cyclohexane were chosen as model systems because they show different types of LLE and surface behavior. Ternary polymer solutions of PVME/water/alcohol and PS/cyclohexane/alcohol were also studied. The cloud points of given systems were determined by thermo‐optical analysis method. For surface tension measurements at the air/polymer solution interface, the well‐known plate method was utilized. The investigated polymer solutions exhibit various types of LLE and surface behavior depending on the type of solvent and temperature. The modified double lattice model with chain length dependence is used for description of the phase equilibrium. To improve the interpretation of the surface behavior of the polymer solution, we developed a new thermodynamic frame work based on density gradient theory. Thermodynamic analysis was also conducted using the proposed model to provide understanding of the surface behavior. The surface energy difference and interchange energy had an important role in the driving force of the surface behavior. Utilizing the predetermined model parameters from the phase equilibrium calculation, the proposed model provides satisfactory agreement with measured surface tension data, with less than 5% error.

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Anomalous swelling of a polystyrene matrix in organic solvents

Bernardo

Veselý

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Swelling behavior of a commercial linear polystyrene, containing a small amount (<5% wt) of mineral oil, has been studied in three different classes of organic solvents (alkanes, alcohols and carboxylic acids) using both gravimetry and light microscopy. A comparison has been made with the results presented in earlier publications using a different linear polystyrene, without mineral oil. It is shown that the polystyrene containing mineral oil absorbs much higher amounts of solvent at lower temperatures then at higher temperatures. This anomalous behavior sharply contrasts with the polystyrene without mineral oil, which at lower temperatures absorbs much less solvent. Light microscopy of the diffusion layer reveals that in the polymer with mineral oil precipitation occurs during diffusion at low temperatures, but not at high temperatures. These results clearly show that the presence of small amounts of mineral oil (in quantities below the detection limit of FTIR) can cause significant changes in the sorption behavior of polymers. These results are interpreted by pre-existing nano-inhomogeneities, formed by the mineral oil, limited miscibility of oil in the polymer phase and high miscibility of solvent in the oil phase.

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Equilibrium solubility of alcohols in polystyrene attained by controlled diffusion

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Solubility of alkanes in a polystyrene matrix

Solubility of alkanes in a polystyrene matrix

Thermodynamic analysis of phase equilibrium and surface tension of ternary polymer solutions

Anomalous swelling of a polystyrene matrix in organic solvents

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