Equilibrium Solubility Determination and Modeling of Thifensulfuron Methyl in Four Solvent Mixtures

Abstract

This study used five pure solvents as raw materials and formed four sets of mixed solvents by mixing methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, and N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) in water. According to the principle of the isothermal static state, the reaction temperature was increased from 278.15 to 323.15 K at 5 K intervals. Under normal pressure (101.1 kPa) and at a constant the mole fraction of the solute, the equilibrium solubility of thifensulfuron methyl was obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The influence of temperature on the solute cannot be ignored. Low to high amounts of thifensulfuron methyl are dissolved at low to high temperature. The difference was that the water content of the mixed solvent was repulsive to the dissolution of the solute. With the increase in the water content, the mole fraction of thifensulfuron methyl decreased. At any temperature, the same proportion of water was added to the four organic solvents. Compared with other solvents, the mixture of DMF and water had an absolute dissolution advantage. In addition, the Jouyban–Acree model, the van’t Hoff–Jouyban–Acree model, and the Apelblat–Jouyban–Acree model were used to calculate the solubility of thifensulfuron methyl. The obtained average relative deviations were lower than 1.51% for correlative studies. The acquisition of solubility helps to obtain solubility parameters, which is a measure of intermolecular forces. Solubility is required in the fields of recrystallization and fractional crystallization in the chemical industry and the synthesis and separation of compounds.

Research on Solubility Measurement, Solvent Effects, Preferential Solvation, and Model Correlation of Sofosbuvir Form A in Different Pure and Binary Solvents

“…The Apelblat–Jouyban–Acree model is a combination of the Apelblat and Jouyban–Acree models, which can be obtained by substituting the Apelblat model into the Jouyban–Acree model. , The model is presented in eq . …”

“…The Wilson model belongs to the activity coefficient model, which can more accurately evaluate the phase equilibrium. 33 The formulas of activity coefficients and functions are given as follows 19,35 The model is presented in eq 17.…”

“…A convenient and common isothermal saturation method was used to determine the solubility of sofosbuvir in this work . Besides, the measurement procedure and experimental setup have been testified to be accurate in our previous publication. , …”

“…A convenient and common isothermal saturation method was used to determine the solubility of sofosbuvir in this work. 19 Besides, the measurement procedure and experimental setup have been testified to be accurate in our previous publication. 20,21 First, the solvent mixture [acetone/ethanol (w) + water (1 − w)] should be prepared in advance by weighing using an analytical balance (BS224S, sartorius).…”

Solubility Measurement and Calculation of Difenoconazole in Several Solvents at 278.15 to 323.15 K

“…The scientificity and stability of the entire device described above have been validated in previous publications. 23,24 HPLC Analysis. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a reverse phase column (LB-C18, 250 mm × 4.6 mm) was used to analyze the concentration of difenoconazole.…”