Equilibrium shapes of acoustically levitated drops

Trinh, E. H.; Hsu, Chaur-Jian

doi:10.1121/1.393660

Cited by 85 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…For moderately viscous liquids levitated in air, the resonance fi'equencies are very weakly dependent on the liquid viscosity. In practice, the use of ultrasonic levitators on Earth inevitably introduces a slight oblate axisymmetric distortion of the drop [19][20][21] which slightly shifts the resonance fi'equencies downward [ 17 ]. Rotation of the levitated drop, on the other hand, shifts these frequencies upward [22,23].…”

Section: Surface Tension Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of density, sound velocity, surface tension, and viscosity of freely suspended supercooled liquids

Trinh

Ohsaka

1995

Int J Thermophys

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Noncontaet methods have been implemented in conjunction with levitation techniques to carry out the measurement of the macroscopic properties of liquids significantly cooled below their nominal melting point. Free suspension of the sample and remote methods allow the deep excursion into the metastable liquid state and the determination of its thermophysical properties. We used this approach to investigate common substances such as water, o-terphenyl. succinonitrile, as well as higher temperature melts such as molten indium, aluminum, and other metals. Although these techniques have thus far involved ultrasonic, eletromagnetic, and more recently electrostatic levitation, we restrict our attention to ultrasonic methods in this paper. The resulting magnitude of maximum thermal supercooling achieved has ranged between 10 % and 15 % of the absolute temperature of the melting point for the materials mentioned above. The methods for measuring the physical properties have been mostly novel approaches, and the typical accuracy achieved has not yet matched the standard equivalent techniques involving contained samples and inw~sive probing. They are currently being refined, however, as the levitation techniques become more widespread and as we gain a better understanding of the physics of levitated liquid samples.

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Section: Surface Tension Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of density, sound velocity, surface tension, and viscosity of freely suspended supercooled liquids

Trinh

Ohsaka

1995

Int J Thermophys

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“…Recent experiments were carried out by and by using droplets suspended in a neutrally buoyant and immiscible liquid. Marston and Apfel (1980) and Trinh and Hsu (1986) applied acoustical levitation in order to hold droplets in a fixed position either immersed in another liquid or in air. Optical levitation of small droplets has been used by Ashkin and Dziedzic (1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental method for the investigation of droplet oscillations in a gaseous medium

Brenn

Frohn

1993

Experiments in Fluids

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An experimental method for the investigation of droplet oscillations in a gaseous medium is presented. The droplets are produced using vibrating orifice droplet generators. Experiments are carried out with droplets in the diameter range from 91 lam to 288 pm using propanol-2, water, and n-hexadecane; the gaseous host medium is air. Oscillatory motions of the fundamental mode n=2 and of the first higher order mode n = 3 occur during the disintegration of the liquid jet produced by the droplet generator. The periodical production of the droplets allows the observation and evaluation of each phase of the motion under quasi-steady conditions. Surface energies are determined from the droplet shapes on photos. The periods of the oscillations are found to be very close to the prediction of the linear theory.

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“…Acoustic levitation has been used to study properties of molten materials and the equilibrium shape [32] and stability of liquid drops. The technique has been employed for density measurements [33] and in the study of surfacetension-dominated fluid dynamic phenomena with applications in microgravity [27,28].…”

Section: Acoustic Levitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne chemistry: acoustic levitation in chemical analysis

Santesson

Nilsson

2004

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

214

116

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This review with 60 references describes a unique path to miniaturisation, that is, the use of acoustic levitation in analytical and bioanalytical chemistry applications. Levitation of small volumes of sample by means of a levitation technique can be used as a way to avoid solid walls around the sample, thus circumventing the main problem of miniaturisation, the unfavourable surface-to-volume ratio. Different techniques for sample levitation have been developed and improved. Of the levitation techniques described, acoustic or ultrasonic levitation fulfils all requirements for analytical chemistry applications. This technique has previously been used to study properties of molten materials and the equilibrium shape()and stability of liquid drops. Temperature and mass transfer in levitated drops have also been described, as have crystallisation and microgravity applications. The airborne analytical system described here is equipped with different and exchangeable remote detection systems. The levitated drops are normally in the 100 nL-2 microL volume range and additions to the levitated drop can be made in the pL-volume range. The use of levitated drops in analytical and bioanalytical chemistry offers several benefits. Several remote detection systems are compatible with acoustic levitation, including fluorescence imaging detection, right angle light scattering, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Applications include liquid/liquid extractions, solvent exchange, analyte enrichment, single-cell analysis, cell-cell communication studies, precipitation screening of proteins to establish nucleation conditions, and crystallisation of proteins and pharmaceuticals.

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Equilibrium shapes of acoustically levitated drops

Cited by 85 publications

References 0 publications

Measurement of density, sound velocity, surface tension, and viscosity of freely suspended supercooled liquids

Measurement of density, sound velocity, surface tension, and viscosity of freely suspended supercooled liquids

An experimental method for the investigation of droplet oscillations in a gaseous medium

Airborne chemistry: acoustic levitation in chemical analysis

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