Equilibrium of Ammonia (NH3) and Ammonium (NH4+) during Microalgae Harvesting using Electrocoagulation

Purwono, P.; Hadiyanto, H.; Budihardjo, Mochamad Arief

doi:10.5829/ije.2023.36.03c.17

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Higher pH and temperature values favor the formation of toxic molecular ammonia. Moreover, higher pH values result in more ionized ammonia, which raises toxicity (Purwono et al, 2017). The clinoptilolite used in this research can effectively adsorb NH4 from water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Natural Adsorbent Mixture (Zeolite and Leonardite) on the Reduction of Ammonia Caused by Fish Feed

Şahin

2023

Journal of Agricultural Production

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In this this research, the utilization of zeolite (clinoptilolite) and leonardite mix, which are the natural adsorbents that can be used to provide optimum water conditions for aquaculture, was investigated. Three groups with 3 replications were formed and a commercial aquarium fish feed having 47.5% crude protein was added as the ammonia factor in three different concentrations (0.2 g feed/500 ml tap water, 0.4 g/500 ml tap water, 0.6 g/500 ml tap water). Ammonia increases resulted from 3 different amounts of feed were monitored for 7 days. At the end of this period, the adsorbent mixture, which has water-regulating properties, was added to the experimental groups at a ratio of 1:2 (clinoptilolite:leonardite) to remove ammonia, which is harmful for aquatic organisms, and ammonia decreases was determined at regular intervals. NH3 value reached its highest (0.7 mg/L) at the end of the stage where the ammonia values from the feed were measured. After this period, it started to decrease with the addition of natural adsorbents (mixed clinoptilolite-leonardite) and the lowest ammonia value was determined at the end of the 6th measurement (0.07 mg/L). As a result of this study, it was determined that the clinoptilolite:leonardite mixture has a positive influence on ammonia removal in freshwater aquariums.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Natural Adsorbent Mixture (Zeolite and Leonardite) on the Reduction of Ammonia Caused by Fish Feed

Şahin

2023

Journal of Agricultural Production

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“…In a previous study, it was reported that the results obtained from the Nessler method were similar and reliable to the results obtained from the traditional electrode method (Prajapati, 2014). The ammonia and TAN were calculated as given below (Purwono et al, 2017):…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Zeolite (Clinoptilolite) as a Feed Additive and Filter Material for Freshwater Aquariums

Öz

Aral

2023

Journal of Agricultural Production

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Ammonia, which occurs as a natural result of aquaculture in production facilities, has a negative effect on the quality of aquaculture water and aquatic organisms. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of zeolite in fish feed and in water, which has the ability to adsorb ammonium, on ammonia removal. In the study, 12 different experimental groups were organized by creating 0, 2, and 10% ratios for fish feed (G1-G3), groups that zeolite only in water (G4, G5), and combinations (zeolite and/or in water/in feed) of 0, 7, and 20 g/L amounts to water (G6-G12). When NH3 and TAN data of G1-G3 were examined, it was determined that although there was no statistical difference, it decreased proportionally with the increase in the amount of zeolite in the feed. The difference between water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, NH3 and TAN values in G4 and G5 groups was found to be insignificant. The dissolved oxygen, pH, NH3 and TAN values between the groups (G6-G12) were statistically different. As a result, it was determined that 10% addition of zeolite into the feed decreased the TAN values by 37%, and the addition of 10% into the feed and 20 g/L into the water decreased the TAN values by 45%. When the results are evaluated from another point of view, considering the economy and ease of use, it is concluded that 2% zeolite in feed and/or 7 g/L in water can be recommended for aquatic species with high tolerance to ammonia values.

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“…Additionally, based on previous research (Rinquest et al, 2019;Williams et al, 2019), it is expected that 80-90% of a processing plant's total water use will be discharged as poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW), consuming an average of 26.5 L per processed bird (Fatima et al, 2021). Ionized ammonia (N 4 + ) and free ammonia (NH 3 ) are the two forms of reduced inorganic nitrogen found in the aqueous medium, which can exist in water as ammonia gas or as water soluble ammonia ions (Purwono et al, 2023). The majority of phosphorus in natural water and wastewater , and PO 4 3that originates from poultry manure, meat, and bone meal (Topcu et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Hydrogen Peroxide, Sono, and Heterogeneous Photocatalysis Technologies: A Novel Technique for Ammonia and Phosphorus Removal in Real Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater

Yuceturk

2024

Braz. J. Poult. Sci.

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Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) has substantial organic load and nutrient contents, which must be removed before discharge due to being sanitary and environmental hazards. The present study is the first to analyze the individual and synergistic influences of combined hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), different ultraviolet lights (UV-A/UV-C), inorganic compound catalysts of titanium and zinc oxides (TiO 2 /ZnO), and ultrasound (US) processes on ammonia and phosphorus elimination from PSW using a Taguchi L 36 orthogonal array. The results showed that, compared to other processes in isolation, the integrated process of H 2 O 2 , US, and heterogeneous photocatalysis (HPC) is significantly more effective at treating PSW in terms of N 4 + -N removal (52.0%) and PO 4 -P elimination (59.5%). Furthermore, electrical energy consumption at 2.67 g -1 N 4 + -N US$ and 2.14 g -1 PO 4 -P US$ was determined to be the most significant factor in the operating cost of the system, while the average chemical cost under optimal conditions was 0.34 US$/g. In general, the results indicate that the effectiveness of removing pollutants is directly influenced by the pH, catalyst concentration, and duration of the operation. Additionally, the presence of different types of pollutants in real wastewater might lead to reduced nutrient removal efficiencies.

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Equilibrium of Ammonia (NH3) and Ammonium (NH4+) during Microalgae Harvesting using Electrocoagulation

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of a Natural Adsorbent Mixture (Zeolite and Leonardite) on the Reduction of Ammonia Caused by Fish Feed

Effect of a Natural Adsorbent Mixture (Zeolite and Leonardite) on the Reduction of Ammonia Caused by Fish Feed

The Effect of Zeolite (Clinoptilolite) as a Feed Additive and Filter Material for Freshwater Aquariums

Integrated Hydrogen Peroxide, Sono, and Heterogeneous Photocatalysis Technologies: A Novel Technique for Ammonia and Phosphorus Removal in Real Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater

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