Equid Herpesvirus Type-1 Exhibits Neurotropism and Neurovirulence in a Mouse Model

Mori, Cláudia Madalena Cabrera; Mori, Ênio; Favaro, L. L.; Santos, Caio Rodrigues dos; Lara, Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold; Villalobos, E. M. C.; Cunha, E. M. S.; Brandão, Paulo Eduardo; Richtzenhain, Leonardo José; Maiorka, Paulo César

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.04.003

Cited by 24 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In our study, only mild focal to multifocal lymphocytic meningitis was observed upon microscopic examination of the brain of affected rabbits. These findings demonstrates that, similarly to that observed in the EHV-1 mice model [15], the neurological signs and lesions developed by four EHV-1 inoculated rabbits were possibly a result of direct virus invasion to the brain after virus replication in nasal mucosa and dissemination through the olfactory tract [15] and not secondary to viremia as most likely occurs in horses [11,20].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…In addition, our results showed that EHV-1 also established latent infection in rabbits, an important feature of EHV-1 biology in horses [6]. Hence, the susceptibility of rabbits to EHV-1 infection and disease may be exploited to investigate selected aspect of EHV-1 biology and pathogenesis, complementing and extending previous studies performed in the mouse models [14,15,18,19].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Previous studies have revealed variations in virulence, tropism and other aspects of the pathogenesis [15]. In particular, the pathogenesis of neurological disease in mice seems to differ from that in the natural hosts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Respiratory and neurological disease in rabbits experimentally infected with equid herpesvirus 1

Kanitz

Cargnelutti

Anziliero

et al. 2015

Microbial Pathogenesis

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Respiratory and neurological disease in rabbits experimentally infected with equid herpesvirus 1

Kanitz

Cargnelutti

Anziliero

et al. 2015

Microbial Pathogenesis

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“…Studies of EHV-1 pathogenicity have usually employed murine and equine models [13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, studies involving adult horses are costly, labor intensive, and limited to a small number of animals [19].…”

Section: Central Nervous System Of Hamsters By Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry

Silva¹

2019

AVS

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The intranasal inoculation of equid alphaherpesvirus1 (EHV-1) Brazilian variants A4/72, A9/92, A3/97, Iso72/10 and the Argentine variant AR4 in a Syrian hamster model Mesocricetus auratus induced severe encephalitis. Clinical signs included weight loss, lethargy, somnolence, anorexia, and intense salivation two days post-inoculation (dpi), followed by neurological signs such as loss of proprioception, walking in circles, spastic paralysis, seizures, recumbency and death at 3 rd dpi (A9/92 and A4/72 variants) and 4 th dpi. Respiratory signs such as dyspnea and serosanguinous nasal discharge were also observed. Histopathological changes in brain included mixed inflammatory infiltrate with predominance of mononuclear cells, neuronal degeneration, liquefactive necrosis, hemorrhagic foci, leptomeningitis, perivascular edema, mononuclear infiltration, and perivascular cuffing. Immunohistochemical examination showed viral replication in neurons restrict predominantly to olfactory bulb and frontal cortex (variants AR4 and A3/97) and in groups of cells from distant regions, such as the caudal diencephalon and rostral mesencephalon (variants Iso72/10) and absence of viral antigen labeling of variants A9/92 and A4/72 despite these variants were the most neurovirulent, so new experiments not staggered in days but in hours post inoculation are needed to better understand the viral migration of these variants.

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“…Apoptotic phenomenon has been observed after infections with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 (in the brain) [Geiger et al, 1995], varicella-zoster virus (in cultured cells) [Sadzot-Delvaux et al, 1995;Brazeau et al, 2010], and CpHV-1 (in blood mononuclear cells) [Pagnini et al, 2005]. Moreover, several herpesvirses such as HSV, VZV, and EHV-1 show a marcked neurotropism and neurovirulence [Watanabe et al, 2000;Pugazhenthi et al, 2011;Mori et al, 2012].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of apoptosis by caprine herpesvirus 1 infection in a neuronal cell line

Montagnaro

Ciarcia

Martinis

et al. 2013

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Caprine herpesvirus type 1 (CpHV-1), like other members of the alpha subfamily of herpesviruses, establishes latent infections in trigeminal ganglion neurons. Our groups previously demonstrated that CpHV-1 induces apoptosis in goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in an epithelial bovine cell line, but the ability of CpHV-1 to induce apoptosis in neuronal cells remains unexplored. In this report, the susceptibility of Neuro 2A cells to infection by CpHV-1 was examined. Following infection of cultured cells with CpHV-1, expression of cell death genes was evaluated using real-time PCR and Western blot assays. Analysis of virus-infected cells revealed activation of caspase-8, a marker for the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis, and caspase-9, a marker for the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis at 12 and 24 h post-infection. Significant increase in the levels of cleaved caspase-3 was also observed at the acme of cytopathic effect at 24 h post-infection. In particular, at 3 and 6 h post-infection, several proapototic genes were under-expressed. At 12 h post-infection several proapototic genes such as caspases, TNF, Cd70, and Traf1 were over expressed while Bcl2a1a, Fadd, and TNF genes were underexpressed. In conclusion, the simultaneous activation of caspase-8 and caspase-9 suggests that CpHV-1 can trigger the death-receptor pathway and the mitochondrial pathway separately and in parallel. Our findings are significant because this is the first published study showing the effect of CpHV-1 infection in neuronal cells in terms of gene expression and apoptosis modulation.

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Equid Herpesvirus Type-1 Exhibits Neurotropism and Neurovirulence in a Mouse Model

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Respiratory and neurological disease in rabbits experimentally infected with equid herpesvirus 1

Respiratory and neurological disease in rabbits experimentally infected with equid herpesvirus 1

Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry

Modulation of apoptosis by caprine herpesvirus 1 infection in a neuronal cell line

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