Equestrian Injuries Caused by Horse Kicks: First Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study

Eckert, V.; Lockemann, U.; Püschel, Klaus; Meenen, N. M.; Hessler, C

doi:10.1097/jsm.0b013e318221840f

Cited by 42 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[9] Others have put forward that animal kicks are responsible for 16-58% of animal-related injuries. [2,3,14,[18][19][20]22] Similar to others, our study suggested that the most common injured body regions were the upper and lower extremities. [2,9,15,16,18,19] Head and face, and chest were the second most common injured body regions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Epidemiology of animal-related injuries in a high-income developing country

Eid

Hefny²,

Abu‐Zidan

2015

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Using helmets and face guard reduce the severity of head injury among equestrians. [2,22,24] Those who are riding large animals should use helmets and other protective gears. [23] Legislation plays a role in preventing and reducing injuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of animal-related injuries in a high-income developing country

Eid

Hefny²,

Abu‐Zidan

2015

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Journal samples from four major Swedish animal hospitals show that the problem exists according to a preliminary survey by the authors. However, there have been studies on human injuries inflicted by horses (Kriss & Kriss, 1997;Meredith & Antoun, 2011;Eckert et al, 2011) with horse kicks accounting for approx. 10% of these injuries (Meredith & Antoun, 2011).…”

Section: Literature and Preliminary Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of kick loads from horses on stable fittings and building elements

Wachenfelt

Nilsson

Ventorp

2013

Biosystems Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fittings and fixtures in horse stables may cause injuries to horses when trapped and there is a high risk of an accident to animal and handler when releasing a horse. The risk of injuries to horses and handlers must be minimised by correct structural design and appropriate choice of building material. The physical load of unprovoked and provoked horse kicks were measured in order to obtain data for the design of safe horse fittings and fixtures.To record the forces exerted by horse kicks a measuring wall and a computerised measuring system were constructed and used in single horse boxes. For reference, the characteristics of the measuring system were determined by a drop hammer test. Through regression analysis a linear relation was found between the field recorded impact values from horse kicks obtained by the measuring system and drop hammer impact values. The drop hammer method can thus be used to test fittings.Impacts recorded in the field tests were rapid, often shorter than 0.03 s and 90% had a maximum value below 1924 N. The greatest impact force and impulse caused by a horse kick were 8722 N and 131 Ns respectively, with no statistical difference between provoked and unprovoked kicks. Considering the data obtained and allowing a certain safety margin, the impact resistance of horse fixtures and fittings in single horse boxes, to be used for horses of up to 700 kg mass, should be at least equivalent to 150 Ns exerted by a horse shoe at 45°.

show abstract

“…Injuries caused by hoof kicks are common and can have serious consequences for horses as well as for humans (Derungs et al, 2004;Eckert et al, 2011). A retrospective study conducted at the Equine Clinic of the Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, showed that approximately 50% of horses referred because of a kick injury had a bone fracture (Derungs et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding coupled with marked soft tissue trauma at the site of injury suggests that the force of a kick from a horse is enormous. Studies on the risk and consequences of kick injuries in people have shown that the mortality rate of kicked equestrians is high and that riding a horse can be more hazardous than motorcycle or car racing (Busch et al, 1986;Exadactylos et al, 2002;Eckert et al, 2011). In a study of equestrian injuries, being kicked by a horse was the second most common cause of injury after falling off a horse (Abu-Zidan and Rao, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Tekscan F-SCAN system for measurement of the kicking force in horses

Fürst

Galuppo

Judy

et al. 2016

SAT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The incidence of fractures after a kick, coupled with marked soft tissue trauma at the site of injury, suggests that the force of a kick from the hind limb of a horse is enormous. The goal of this study was to measure this force and to investigate whether the Tekscan F-SCAN in-shoe pressure measuring system is suitable for quantification of the impact strength of a kick from a horse. The system was tested in 6 horses that had undergone clinical examination and gait analysis. The sensor-shoe combination was attached to each hind foot and the horse was stimulated to kick against a wall. The F-SCAN system measured the maximum vertical and horizontal force (N), the main contact area (cm2) of the sole with the floor (stance phase limb) or wall (kicking limb) and the duration (sec) that the sole was in contact with the floor or wall. In addition, each kicking event was recorded with a video camera for subjective evaluation. The mean kicking force measured was lower than that recorded in horses trotting on a treadmill, where the forces exerted on one limb were similar to the horse's body weight. The results of this study indicate that the Tekscan F-SCAN system is not ideally suited to measure the force of a kick of a horse in vivo. SummaryThe incidence of fractures after a kick, coupled with marked soft tissue trauma at the site of injury, suggests that the force of a kick from the hind limb of a horse is enormous. The goal of this study was to measure this force and to investigate whether the Tekscan F-SCAN in-shoe pressure measuring system is suitable for quantification of the impact strength of a kick from a horse. The system was tested in 6 horses that had undergone clinical examination and gait analysis. The sensor-shoe combination was attached to each hind foot and the horse was stimulated to kick against a wall. The F-SCAN system measured the maximum vertical and horizontal force (N), the main contact area (cm 2 ) of the sole with the floor (stance phase limb) or wall (kicking limb) and the duration (sec) that the sole was in contact with the floor or wall. In addition, each kicking event was recorded with a video camera for subjective evaluation. The mean kicking force measured was lower than that recorded in horses trotting on a treadmill, where the forces exerted on one limb were similar to the horse's body weight. The results of this study indicate that the Tekscan F-SCAN system is not ideally suited to measure the force of a kick of a horse in vivo.

show abstract

Equestrian Injuries Caused by Horse Kicks: First Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study

Cited by 42 publications

References 6 publications

Epidemiology of animal-related injuries in a high-income developing country

Epidemiology of animal-related injuries in a high-income developing country

Measurement of kick loads from horses on stable fittings and building elements

Evaluation of the Tekscan F-SCAN system for measurement of the kicking force in horses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About