Equations to Calculate the Overburden Pressure in Water Layers of Definite Dimensions Using Experimental, Macroscopic and Microscopic Data

Karimi, M.; Adelzadeh, Mohammad Reza; Helalizadeh, Abbas

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2012.01.018

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The experimental overburden pressure results on these physical parameters demonstrate a decrease in porosity and permeability while rising overburden pressure in reservoirs [5,6]. All these variations are observed in the "equation of overburden pressure" [4] in the next sections. In addition, overbalance pressure can affluence a couple of processes in the drilling operations [7].…”

Section: Formation Damage and Overburden Pressurementioning

confidence: 75%

“…Subsequently, the C m or the same percentage solvent decreases, and the superscript C 1 in both P ob C1 and I k Figure 4. Acid expending ability versus overburden pressure in reservoir layers [33,36,37]. increases.…”

Section: Expending Ability or I Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three physical quantities, i.e., intergranular space (IGS), inter-fracture space (IFS), and fracture width (FW), are given in Table 1. To find the magnitude of these three variables for mathematical expressions, we consider the effect of finegrained particles' migration severity on porosity and the affect of carbonate cement or clay in the layer on the damages such as water block, phase trapping and any other obstacle caused by rock and fluid [4]. Generally, too much attention is given to information of porosity and permeability in the qualitative and quantitative situations, including cementing, color, compaction pressure, consolidating and unconsolidating property, particle size in lithology, density, and distances of fracture and grain experimentally and empirically to both the oil layers (oil-wet and water-wet types) and the saltwater disposal wells (mostly water-wet).…”

Section: Quantitative Structural Characteristic Classification Table mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another method presented by Karimi et al [4,13,14] contains six equations summarized in Eqs. (3) and (4), respectively, for oil layers and water layers.…”

Section: Situation Of Grains and Fractures To Each Other In Matrix Mementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In driving the "Equations of Water block" and "Equation of Overburden Pressure" it is necessary to determine whether the heterogeneity alterations widely studied and monitored in certain periods through reports during our equations have any positive effect on product performance in defining main thresholds for each variable. However, the criteria should be set based on (1) the rock and fluid nature at the reservoir conditions, (2) the intended use of the wellhead product history, and (3) most importantly the previously delimited area around the wellbore that injection in a great deal time slowly will improve it [4,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Selection Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Damage Formation: Equations of water block in oil and water wells

Karimi¹,

Adelzadeh²,

Tehrani³

et al. 2020

Oil and Gas Wells

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Water block or invasion of water into the pores of reservoir forms during the operations of water-based drilling, injection, many perforations, completion fluids, and some other particular processes in the reservoir (such as fingering and conning). Subsequently, the alteration in the shape or composition of the fine particles such as clay (water-wet solids), as a result of the stress on it, in the flow path of the second phase can lead to the permeability decline of reservoir. Consequently, the solvents such as surfactants (as demulsifiers) to lower the surface tension as a phenomenon associated with intermolecular forces (known as capillary action) during flowback are consumed to avoid the emulsions and sludge mostly in the near-wellbore zone or undertreatment and under-injection radius of the reservoir. However, in addition to surging or swabbing the wells to lower the surface tension, using solvents as the wettability changing agent along with base fluid is a common method in the water block elimination from the wellbore, especially in the low permeability porous media or the reservoirs latter its average pressure declined below bubble point. For more profitability, after using solvents in various reservoir characterizations, the trend of their behavior variations in the different lithologies is required to decide on the removed damage percentage. The investigations on this subject involve many experimental studies and have not been presented any mathematical formulas for the damage of water block in the water, oil, and gas reservoirs. These formulas determine selection criteria for the applied materials and increase variable performance. An integrated set of procedures and guidelines for one or more phases in a porous media is necessary to carry out the step-by-step approach at wellhead. Erroneous decisions and difficult situations can also be addressed in the injection wells or saltwater disposal wells, in which water block is a formation damage type. Misconceptions and difficult situations resulting from these injuries can increase water saturation in borehole and affect the fluid transmissibility power in reaching far and near distances of the wellbore, which results in injection rate loss at the wellhead. Accordingly, for the equations of water block here, a set of variables, of a particular domain, for defining relationships between rock-and fluid-based parameters are required. For these equations, at first, the structural classifications of fracture and grain in the layers (d 1 ,d 2 , and d 3) are defined. Afterward, the equations of overburden pressure (P ob) for a definite sectional area surrounding the wellbore for any lithology (in the three categories relative to porosity) are obtained by these structural classifications and other characteristics of rock and fluid. Naturally, prior to equations of overburden pressure in 2 Oil and Gas Wells

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Section: Formation Damage and Overburden Pressurementioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Expending Ability or I Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantitative Structural Characteristic Classification Table mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another method presented by Karimi et al [4,13,14] contains six equations summarized in Eqs. (3) and (4), respectively, for oil layers and water layers.…”

Section: Situation Of Grains and Fractures To Each Other In Matrix Mementioning

confidence: 99%