Equations for Predicting Soil Organic Carbon Using Loss‐on‐Ignition for North Central U.S. Soils

Konen, Michael E.; Jacobs, P.; Burras, C. Lee; Talaga, Brandi J.; Mason, Joseph A.

doi:10.2136/sssaj2002.1878

Cited by 203 publications

(133 citation statements)

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“…For samples with apparent larger amount of SOM, there is a larger LOI, such as MA0-19 and MA80-100, which is similar to the previous studies (Konen et al 2002;Jankauskas et al 2006;Abella and Zimmer 2007). The overall LOI values for surface soil samples are larger than those for subsurface soil samples.…”

Section: Loss On Ignition Results Of Soil Samplessupporting

confidence: 86%

“…For example, in the study of Konen et al (2002), most of the data exhibited good linear relationship between LOI and LECO organic carbon with the coefficients of determination R 2 between 0.94 and 0.98 (their Fig. 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…While the structurally bound mineral water can be separated into crystal lattice water for OHÁ ion and water of hydration for bonded H 2 O (Tan et al 1986), the broad term ''structural water'' has commonly been used to include both types of water by researchers due to the difficulty of their separation in LOI processes (Howard and Howard 1990;Vos et al 2005;Schulte 1991;Heiri et al 2001;Konen et al 2002;Smith 2003). Therefore, following the common practice, the term ''structural water'' is adopted in this study, which will include all bonded H 2 O molecules and OH units in a mineral that can be lost during a heating process.…”

Section: Structural Water Of Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relative error ranges for estimation of SOM based on the LOI method have been reported as 2 to 5% and, traditionally, the method's ability to determine soil SOM has been considered reliable (Dean 1974;Howard and Howard 1990;Snowball and Sandgren 1996;Abella and Zimmer 2007). While the LOI method may be appropriate for soil samples with large SOM, as often is found in wetland soils, studies (Konen et al 2002;Smith 2003) have indicated that soil mineral water loss, particularly the clay minerals, can cause significant errors for upland soils where SOM usually is less than 6%. Unfortunately, there are no known published studies that can reliably quantify this error.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Soil mineral structural water loss during loss on ignition analyses

Sun¹,

Nelson²,

Chen³

et al. 2009

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Sun, H., Nelson, M., Chen, F. and Husch, J. 2009. Soil mineral structural water loss during loss on ignition analyses. Can. J. Soil Sci. 89: 603Á610. Water loss from soil minerals has been known to cause errors in the determination of soil organic matter when the loss on ignition (LOI) method is used. Unfortunately, no known published studies reliably quantify the range of structural water in the soil. To do this, 15 common reference minerals were analyzed by LOI to obtain their individual water loss. In addition, 14 upland, loamy soil samples and 3 wetland/hydric soil samples with varied mineral contents were analyzed to collect their X-ray powder diffraction spectra. Based upon X-ray spectra peak intensities, the modal abundance of minerals in each soil sample was determined using the RockJock computer program. The resultant modal weight percentages of all identified minerals in each soil sample were then multiplied by the LOI value for each mineral to obtain the mineral structural water loss (SWL) of that soil sample. For the 17 soil samples analyzed, the range of mineral water loss is 0.56 to 2.45%. Depending on the LOI values of the soil samples, the SWL:LOI ratios range from 0.04 to around 1.00. The SWL:LOI ratios are particularly low for top wetland soil when the LOI value is higher. The ratios are lower for surface soil samples than for subsurface soil samples because of the high LOI values in surface soil samples. Understanding soil mineral water loss and its relation to the LOI patterns from various environments is important for the accurate evaluation of soil organic matter when the LOI method is used.Key words: Mineral, structural water, loss on ignition Sun, H., Nelson, M., Chen, F. et Husch, J. 2009. Perte structurelle d'eau par les mine´raux du sol lors des analyses de perte par calcination. Can. J. Soil Sci. 89: 603Á610. On sait que l'eau perdue par les mine´raux du sol cause des erreurs lorsqu'on s'efforce de calculer la quantite´de matie`re organique dans le sol par la me´thode d'analyse de perte par calcination (LOI). Malheureusement, aucune des e´tudes publie´es ne quantifie de manie`re fiable la variation de l'eau structurelle dans le sol. Pour y reme´dier, les auteurs ont analyse´15 mine´raux de re´fe´rence communs par la LOI afin d'en mesurer la perte d'eau. Ils ont aussi analyse´14 e´chantillons de sol loameux des plateaux et 3 e´chantillons de sol hydrique des terres humides afin de recueillir le spectre de leur poudre par diffraction des rayons X. En partant de l'intensite´des pics obtenus aux rayons X, ils ont e´tabli l'abondance modale des mine´raux dans chaque e´chantillon graˆce au logiciel RockJock. Les pourcentages modaux ponde´re´s des mine´raux identifie´s dans chaque e´chantillon qui en re´sultent ont ensuite e´te´multiplie´s par la valeur LOI de chaque mine´ral, ce qui a donne´la perte structurelle d'eau (SWL) du mine´ral pour l'e´chantillon. Sur les 17 e´chantillons examine´s, la perte d'eau des mine´raux varie de 0,56 % a`2,45 %. D'apre`s la valeur LOI des e´chantillons, le ...

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Section: Loss On Ignition Results Of Soil Samplessupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Structural Water Of Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Soil mineral structural water loss during loss on ignition analyses

Sun¹,

Nelson²,

Chen³

et al. 2009

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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show abstract

“…Additionally, clay content and clay mineralogy have also been reported as significant factors in affecting these relationships. Konen et al [17] developed equations for predicting organic C content (as determined by C/N analyser) from L.O.I for 255 non-calcareous samples from selected major land resource areas in the North Central USA. They found significant differences in the slopes of equations among each major land resource area.…”

Section: Equation For Predicting Soil C Using the Loi Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon stock changes in a peaty gley soil profile after afforestation with Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis)

Zerva

Mencuccini

2005

Ann. For. Sci.

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-We investigated the changes of carbon (C org ) stocks in the litter (O L ), organic (O H ) and mineral (A) layer after afforestation and at different stages after clearfelling of the first rotation, in a forest chronosequence of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) on peaty gley soil, in Harwood Forest (N.E. England). The sites chosen were: unplanted natural grassland, 40-yr-old first rotation, 18 months-old clearfelled, and 12, 20 and a 30 yr-old second rotation. A further comparison was carried out in three 40-yr-old stands between unplanted stripes of land (rides) and adjacent forest. Measurements of soil C org were conducted with two methods, i.e., weight loss on ignition (L.O.I.) and dry combustion by C/N analysis. The results from two methods were linearly related. Afforestation changed both the total amounts and the distribution of the C org stocks from the unplanted natural grassland. The total stocks of C org decreased during first rotation and increased during second rotation to values similar to those found in the unplanted grassland. The vertical distribution of C org also changed, with proportionally more carbon stored in the O L and inside the A layer and less in the organic layer after afforestation and two rotations.

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Spatial patterns of vegetation, soils, and microtopography from terrestrial laser scanning on two semiarid hillslopes of contrasting lithology

et al. 2014

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Shrublands in semiarid regions are heterogeneous landscapes consisting of infertile bare areas separated by nutrient rich vegetated areas known as resource islands. Spatial patterns in these landscapes are structured by feedbacks driven by the transport of water and nutrient resources from the intershrub space to areas below shrubs, and the retention of these resources to locally drive productivity and tight biogeochemical cycles. Most understanding of plant‐soil feedbacks is based predominantly on studies of low topographic gradient landscapes, and it is unclear whether the patterns of association between soils and vegetation, and the autogenic processes that create them, also occur on more steeply sloping terrain. Here we analyze the spatial patterns of soils, vegetation, and microtopography on hillslopes of contrasting lithology (one granite at 16°, one schist at 27°) in the Sonoran desert foothills of the Catalina Mountains. We also describe a method of extracting vegetation density from terrestrial laser scanning point cloud data at 5 cm × 5 cm scales and find that it correlates well with soil organic carbon measurements. Vegetation was associated with microtopographic mounds (relative to the mean slope) extending 0.3 m downslope and 1.8 m (schist) and 0.9 m (granite) upslope on the study hillslopes. Soils below the shrub canopies exhibited 2–3 times more soil organic matter and 2–4 times higher hydraulic conductivity than the interspaces. Soils enriched with organic matter were found to extend at least two canopy radii downslope of woody shrubs, but not upslope. These plumes were clearest in the lower gradient granite site where vegetation mounds created distinct patterns of microtopographic convergence and divergence. At the steeper schist site, microtopography appeared to have a weaker control on topographic flow accumulation. Collectively, our findings suggest that the spatial structure of association between soils and microtopography and vegetation on these slopes exhibit many of the features observed in lower gradient areas. However, microtopography and soils are more asymmetric along the downslope axis of the hillslopes than lower gradient areas and vary with lithology. Alluvial and colluvial processes are likely more important in shaping vegetation and soil dynamics on hillslopes, and these factors need further consideration in scaling results to the landscape level.

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Equations for Predicting Soil Organic Carbon Using Loss‐on‐Ignition for North Central U.S. Soils

Cited by 203 publications

References 10 publications

Soil mineral structural water loss during loss on ignition analyses

Soil mineral structural water loss during loss on ignition analyses

Carbon stock changes in a peaty gley soil profile after afforestation with Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis)

Spatial patterns of vegetation, soils, and microtopography from terrestrial laser scanning on two semiarid hillslopes of contrasting lithology

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