Equations for estimating synthetic unit-hydrograph parameter values for small watersheds in Lake County, Illinois

Melching, Charles S.; Marquardt, Jason S.

doi:10.3133/ofr96474

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The calibrations were performed manually based on three criteria: matching the time to peak, peak magnitude, and storm volume of the observed hydrographs. The calibrated parameters in this study were determined by fine-tuning the parameters published in Melching and Marquardt (1997), Markus et al (2007), and Hejazi and Markus (2009).…”

Section: Hydrologic Methodology Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic analysis of future climate scenarios applied to urban flooding in the Chicago metropolitan area

et al. 2011

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Past heavy precipitation events in the Chicago metropolitan area have caused significant flood-related economic and environmental damages. A key component in flood management policies and actions is determining flood magnitudes for specified return periods. This is a particularly difficult task in areas with a complex and changing climate and land-use, such as the Chicago metropolitan area. The standard design storm methodology based on the NOAA Atlas 14 and ISWS Bulletin 70 has been used in the past to estimate flood hydrographs with variable return periods in this region. In a changing climate, however, these publications may not be accurate. This study presents and illustrates a methodology for diagnostic analysis of future climate scenarios in the framework of urban flooding, and assesses the corresponding uncertainties. First, the design storms are calculated using data downscaled by a regional climate model (RCM) at 30-km spacing for the present and 2050s under the IPCC A1Fi (high) and B1 (low) emissions scenarios. Next, the corresponding flood discharges at six watersheds in suburban Chicago are estimated using a hydrologic event model. The resulting scenarios in flood frequency were first assessed through a set of diagnostic tests for precipitation timing and frequency. The study did not reveal any significant changes in the 2050s in the average timing of heavy storms, but their regularity decreased. The average timing did not exhibit any significant spatial variability throughout the region. The precipitation frequency analysis revealed distinct differences between the northern and southeastern subregions of the Chicago metropolitan area. The quantiles in the northern subregion averaged for 2-year, 5-year, and 10-year return periods exhibited a 20% and 16% increase in daily precipitation for scenarios B1 and A1Fi, respectively. The southeastern subregion, however, exhibited a decrease of 12% for scenario B1 and a minor increase of 3% for scenario A1Fi. The hydrologic effects of changing precipitation on the flood quantiles were illustrated using six small watersheds in the region. The relative increases or decreases in precipitation translated into even larger relative increases or decreases in flood peaks, due to the nonlinear nature of the rainfall-runoff process. Simulations using multiple climate models, for longer periods, finer spatio-temporal resolution, and larger areal coverage could be used to more accurately account for numerous uncertainties in the precipitation and flood projections.

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Section: Hydrologic Methodology Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic analysis of future climate scenarios applied to urban flooding in the Chicago metropolitan area

et al. 2011

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“…Many methods exist that enable the estimation of the model parameters K and t c (Jawed 1973, Sabol 1988, Melching and Marquardt 1997, Straub et al 2000 basing on the analysis of the hydrograph shape, or on regional analyses involving geomorphological characteristics of catchments; given the complexity of the rainfall-runoff transformation processes and the subsequent difficulty of reproducing them by means of a simple model, in the present paper K and t c will be both considered as calibration parameters.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Analysis and Calibration of a Rainfall-Runoff Model with the Combined Use of EPA-SWMM and Genetic Algorithm

Giudice

Padulano

2016

Acta Geophys.

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A b s t r a c tAn integrated Visual Basic Application interface is described that allows for sensitivity analysis, calibration and routing of hydraulichydrological models. The routine consists in the combination of three freeware tools performing hydrological modelling, hydraulic modelling and calibration. With such an approach, calibration is made possible even if information about sewers geometrical features is incomplete. Model parameters involve storage coefficient, time of concentration, runoff coefficient, initial abstraction and Manning coefficient; literature formulas are considered and manipulated to obtain novel expressions and variation ranges. A sensitivity analysis with a local method is performed to obtain information about collinearity among parameters and a ranking of influence. The least important parameters are given a fixed value, and for the remaining ones calibration is performed by means of a genetic algorithm implemented in GANetXL. Single-event calibration is performed with a selection of six rainfall events, which are chosen so to avoid non-uniform rainfall distribution; results are then successfully validated with a sequence of four events.

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“…Ahmad et al (2009) used the Kirpich formula and an optimization technique to find t c and R. Zimmermann (2003) and Straub et al (2000) showed empirical relationships of parameters based on regional analysis. Melching and Marquard (1996) presented empirical equations for estimating the parameters. Bedient and Huber (1992) defined the Clark (t c C R) unit hydrograph.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A practical estimation of Clark IUH parameters using root selection and linear programming

Seong

Lee

2011

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The values of the parameters of the Clark instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) are often relying on the subjective decision of the researcher, which leads to large variations of their values. Therefore, an objective method minimizing the subjective judgement in the IUH modelling procedure while providing a reduced range of acceptable values is proposed. The proposed method uses a basin average IUH to mitigate the robustness problem of the Clark IUH parameters. Using linear system theory, the z-transform is applied to the average IUH and then the IUH polynomial is factored into the recession and time-area curve (TAC) components based on a convolution relation between the Clark IUH parameters. During this calculation, the root selection method was adopted to verify the storage coefficient R from the recession component and a linear programming technique was applied for determining the TAC for the basin of interest. The Wi River basin was used to test the applicability of the proposed method. The results showed that the components of a single reservoir and the TAC for Clark IUH were separated effectively, and acceptable values for the parameters were obtained.

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Equations for estimating synthetic unit-hydrograph parameter values for small watersheds in Lake County, Illinois

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Diagnostic analysis of future climate scenarios applied to urban flooding in the Chicago metropolitan area

Diagnostic analysis of future climate scenarios applied to urban flooding in the Chicago metropolitan area

Sensitivity Analysis and Calibration of a Rainfall-Runoff Model with the Combined Use of EPA-SWMM and Genetic Algorithm

A practical estimation of Clark IUH parameters using root selection and linear programming

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