Equation of state for a partially ionized gas

Abstract

The derivation of equations of state for fluid phases of a partially ionized gas or plasma is addressed from a fundamental point of view. First, a cubic cellular model and then a spherical cellular model is deduced for the hot curve limit ͑or ideal Fermi gas͒. Next the Coulomb interactions are added to the spherical model for general ionic charge Z. A numerical example of the theory for the case of hydrogen is reported, and it reduces in various limits of temperature and density to the expected behavior. It displays an electron, localizationdelocalization phase transition of the normal liquid-gas character.

Concerning the Equation of State for a Partially Ionized System

“…The total pressures for hydrogen in Megabars vs the volume in cc per gram for the isotherms, in decreasing order, T = 10, 5, 2, 1.83, 1.7, 1.5, 1.0, 0.5, and 0.1 eV For Z > 1 the same level of appoximation would be given by These problems are numerically intractable, so the independent electron approxi mation is introduced. The equations now become, (5) with the boundary conditions (6) where fi is the unit vector normal to the sphere. Thus for the corresponding t, where the state independent part is For the anti-parallel case m* 1m = 1 and we drop the h term.…”

Concerning the Equation of State for a Partially Ionized System

“…The total pressures for hydrogen in Megabars vs the volume in cc per gram for the isotherms, in decreasing order, T = 10, 5, 2, 1.83, 1.7, 1.5, 1.0, 0.5, and 0.1 eV For Z > 1 the same level of appoximation would be given by These problems are numerically intractable, so the independent electron approxi mation is introduced. The equations now become, (5) with the boundary conditions (6) where fi is the unit vector normal to the sphere. Thus for the corresponding t, where the state independent part is For the anti-parallel case m* 1m = 1 and we drop the h term.…”

Preparation of phenazine N5,N10-dioxides: Effects of benzofuroxan substituents in the outcome of their expansion reaction with phenolates

“…A, B and C tautomers in 5(6)-substituted benzofuroxans, Figure 2) has been intensively studied by different techniques. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Thermodynamic equilibrium concentrations are dependent on a number of factors, such as solvent, temperature, nature and position of the substituents on the ring. 6,7,[18][19][20][21][22] Under the same conditions (solvent and temperature) in 5(6)-substituted benzofuroxans the presence of an electron withdrawing group generally favors the 6-tautomer over the 5-tautomer while the opposite occurs with an electron releasing group.…”