Epstein-Barr virus RNA VII: size and direction of transcription of virus-specified cytoplasmic RNAs in a transformed cell line.

Santen, Vicky L. van; Cheung, Andrew; Kieff, Elliott

doi:10.1073/pnas.78.3.1930

Cited by 131 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…EBV-negative BL lines used included BL2, BL30, BL31, BL40 and BL41 (provided by Dr G. M. Lenoir, IARC, Lyon, France), D. J. BL (from Dr D. Moss, QIMR, Brisbane, Australia) and Louckes (van Santen et al, 1981). Some of the IARC cell lines were available as EBV-positive converts, derived by infection in vitro of the BL cells with EBV from the B95.8 line.…”

Section: Fusion Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal Antibodies to the Latent Membrane Protein of Epstein-Barr Virus Reveal Heterogeneity of the Protein and Inducible Expression in Virus-transformed Cells

Rowe

Evans

Young

et al. 1987

Journal of General Virology

250

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYMonoclonal antibodies specific for the 'latent membrane protein' (LMP) of EpsteinBarr virus (EBV), one of the effector proteins of EBV-induced B cell transformation, have been generated from mice immunized with a fl-galactosidase fusion protein containing the carboxyl half of the B95.8 strain LMP sequence. Four monoclonal IgG1 antibodies, designated CS. 1, CS. 2, CS. 3 and CS. 4, which together recognized at least three different epitopes on the molecule, were used to examine various aspects of LMP expression in B cell lines transformed in vitro. The pooled CS. 1 to 4 reagent detected the LMPs encoded by each of 20 geographically distinct EBV isolates, despite a degree of inter-isolate heterogeneity in the size and antigenicity of the protein. In cell lines carrying the prototype B95.8 virus strain, particularly if these were virus producers, an additional lower molecular weight LMP was also detected; this appeared to correspond to the truncated form of the protein already predicted to exist from the analysis of B95.8 lytic cycle mRNAs. Attempts were made to identify an analogous truncated form of LMP in cell lines carrying other virus isolates after treatment with phorbol ester and/or sodium butyrate to induce virus production. Surprisingly these experiments showed that expression of the full length LMP molecule was itself strongly inducible by these agents; when monitored at the single cell level, this was a generalized response and was not restricted to cells entering a lytic cycle. Expression of LMP in EBVtransformed B cells therefore appears to be subject to a distinct type of regulation.

show abstract

Section: Fusion Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal Antibodies to the Latent Membrane Protein of Epstein-Barr Virus Reveal Heterogeneity of the Protein and Inducible Expression in Virus-transformed Cells

Rowe

Evans

Young

et al. 1987

Journal of General Virology

250

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several clusters of repeated sequences, designated TR, IRI, IR2, IR3 and IR4 (Given et al, 1979;Kinter and Sugden, 1979;Cheung and Kieff, 1982;Dambaugh and Kieff, 1982;Heller et al, 1982aHeller et al, , 1982bJones and Griffin, 1983) divide the genome into the five Ul, U2, U3, U4 and U5 regions (Figure lA). In latently infected cells, the IR1-U2 region is transcribed into polyadenylated RNAs (Rymo, 1979;Thomas-Powell et al, 1979;King et al, 1980King et al, , 1981Van Santen et al, 1981Arrand and Rymrro, 1982;Heller et al, 1982b;Weigel and Miller, 1983) which probably encode polypeptides of importance for the process of growth transformation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spliced RNA from the IR1-U2 region of Epstein-Barr virus: presence of an open reading frame for a repetitive polypeptide.

Bodescot¹,

Chambraud²,

Farrell³

et al. 1984

The EMBO Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have constructed a cDNA library from the cytoplasmic RNAs of Raji cells, a Burkitt's lymphoma cell line latently infected with Epstein‐Barr virus. We report here the characterization of a cDNA representing a spliced RNA transcribed from the IR1‐U2 region of the viral genome. The cDNA is 1007 bp long. The 5′ region contains three tandem repeats of two exons, 66 and 132 bp, which are transcribed from the IR1 repeats. The 3′ region is formed from four exons transcribed from U2. An open reading frame extends from the 5′ end to position 784, and includes the repeats. This reading frame presumably corresponds to the carboxy‐terminal 261 amino acids of a polypeptide containing several repeats of a 66 amino acid sequence. Since it would be encoded by the IR1‐U2 region of the viral genome, the putative polypeptide might be involved in the process of growth‐transformation of B‐lymphocytes.

show abstract

“…In general, the viral genome is maintained as a supercoiled DNA plasmid of approximately 172,000 base pairs (bp) (2, 27). Three regions of the viral genome are known to be transcribed into poly(A)+ mRNA in transformed cells (1,45). One region codes for a 62,000-dalton membrane protein (11), and the two others code for the nuclear antigens 18,43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

trans activation of an Epstein-Barr viral transcriptional enhancer by the Epstein-Barr viral nuclear antigen 1.

Reisman¹,

Sugden²

1986

Mol. Cell. Biol.

349

289

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two regions of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome together make up an element, oriP, which acts in cis to support plasmid replication in cells that express the EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1). The two components of oriP are a region containing a 65-base-pair (bp) dyad symmetry and a region containing 20 copies of a 30-bp direct repeat. Here we show that the 30-bp family of repeats of oriP can function as a transcriptional enhancer that is activated in trans by the EBNA-1 gene product. In either EBV-genome-positive cells or in cells that express EBNA-1, the 30-bp family of repeats, when positioned in either orientation upstream or downstream, enhances expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene expressed from either the simian virus 40 early promoter or the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase promoter. The extent of transcriptional enhancement varies with the promoter and cell type. This enhanced CAT expression reflects an increased level of CAT mRNA and does not result from amplffication of the plasmids expressing CAT. In addition, plasmids carrying the gene for resistance to hygromycin B and the 30-bp family of repeats yielded 10 to 100 times more hygromycin B-resistant colonies than the vector lacking the 30-bp family of repeats in both EBV-genome-positive cells and cells that express EBNA-1. EBNA-1 is known to bind to sequences within the 30-bp family of repeats (D. R. Rawlins, G. Milman, S. D. Hayward, and G. S. Hayward, Cell 42:859468, 1985), and these trans-and cis-acting elements together have at least two functional roles: (i) they are required for DNA replication dependent upon oriP, and (ii) they can enhance expression of genes linked to the 30-bp family of repeats of oriP.Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus that infects B lymphocytes and transforms them into cells capable of indefinite proliferation in culture (for a recent review, see reference 31). B cells that have been transformed by EBV usually express nuclear antigens known as EBNAs and contain multiple copies of the EBV genome (35,41). In general, the viral genome is maintained as a supercoiled DNA plasmid of approximately 172,000 base pairs (bp) (2, 27). Three regions of the viral genome are known to be transcribed into poly(A)+ mRNA in transformed cells (1,45). One region codes for a 62,000-dalton membrane protein (11), and the two others code for the nuclear antigens 18,43). Little is known about the regulation of expression of these genes, and apart from the role of EBNA-1 in EBV plasmid replication (29, 48), little is known about the role of the other expressed EBV genes in B-cell transformation.A cis-acting element, oriP, isolated from the EBV genome, allows the replication and maintenance of recombinant plasmids in cells that express EBNA-1 (29,47,48 To characterize further the properties of this transcriptional enhancer element, we measured its activity in different cell types and its effect on RNA synthesis from two promoters, the SV40 early promoter and the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine...

show abstract

Epstein-Barr virus RNA VII: size and direction of transcription of virus-specified cytoplasmic RNAs in a transformed cell line.

Cited by 131 publications

References 42 publications

Monoclonal Antibodies to the Latent Membrane Protein of Epstein-Barr Virus Reveal Heterogeneity of the Protein and Inducible Expression in Virus-transformed Cells

Monoclonal Antibodies to the Latent Membrane Protein of Epstein-Barr Virus Reveal Heterogeneity of the Protein and Inducible Expression in Virus-transformed Cells

Spliced RNA from the IR1-U2 region of Epstein-Barr virus: presence of an open reading frame for a repetitive polypeptide.

trans activation of an Epstein-Barr viral transcriptional enhancer by the Epstein-Barr viral nuclear antigen 1.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About