Epstein-Barr Virus Promotes the Production of Inflammatory Cytokines in Gingival Fibroblasts and RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation in RAW264.7 Cells

Yokoe, Sho; Hasuike, Akira; Watanabe, Norihisa; Tanaka, Hideki; Karahashi, Hiroyuki; Wakuda, Shin; Takeichi, Osamu; Kawato, Takayuki; Takai, Hideki; Ogata, Yorimasa; Sato, Shuichi; Imai, Kenichi

doi:10.3390/ijms23020809

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Therefore, P. gingivalis has been implicated in EBV reactivation. Reactivated EBV enhances the release of interleukins from gingival fibroblasts and inhibits macrophage phagocytosis [ 25 , 26 ]. Therefore, P. gingivalis -activated EBV might play a critical role in periodontitis pathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Oral Human Herpesvirus-6 and -7 and Periodontal Conditions in Older Adults

Hamada

Shigeishi

Oka

et al. 2023

Life

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Background: The associations between oral human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) and HHV-7, periodontal conditions, and lifestyle-related diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, have not been fully investigated in older adults. Methods: Seventy-four older patients who visited Hiroshima University Hospital were enrolled. Tongue swab samples were employed, and a real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect HHV-6 and HHV-7 DNA. Dental plaque accumulation, probing pocket depth, and bleeding on probing (BOP) (i.e., a sign of periodontal inflammation) were examined. The periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) value (i.e., an indicator of the severity of periodontitis) was also examined. Results: Of the 74 participants, one participant (1.4%) was HHV-6 DNA-positive and 36 participants (48.6%) were HHV-7 DNA-positive. A significant association between HHV-7 DNA and probing depth was found (p = 0.04). The HHV-7 DNA-positive participants had a higher positive rate of a ≥ 6-mm periodontal pocket with BOP (25.0%) than the HHV-7 DNA-negative participants (7.9%). Additionally, the HHV-7 DNA-positive participants had a higher PISA value than the HHV-7 DNA-negative participants. However, there was no significant association between HHV-7 and the PISA value (p = 0.82). No significant association was found between HHV-7 and lifestyle-related diseases (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Oral HHV-7 infection is associated with a deep periodontal pocket.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Oral Human Herpesvirus-6 and -7 and Periodontal Conditions in Older Adults

Hamada

Shigeishi

Oka

et al. 2023

Life

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“…Currently, numerous studies infer that an active viral infection can trigger a crisis on periodontal tissues. 8 12 15 16 17 24 28 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Viruses are not seen as the main etiological factor of the disease, but as an adjuvant in its severity and clinical progression. 12…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Herpesvirus and Periodontitis: A Clinical and Laboratorial Case–Control Study

et al. 2023

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Objectives A significant influence of the Herpesviridae family in the progression of periodontal disease has been suggested. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association of four Herpesviruses (HSV-1, HSV-2, cytomegalovirus [CMV], and Epstein-Barr virus [EBV]) with periodontal disease using a qualitative test for evaluating the presence or absence of viral DNA in crevicular fluid samples of both healthy periodontal patients and periodontal compromised patients. Materials and Methods A case–control study was conducted in 100 participants at a university clinic. A qualitative test was used for evaluating the presence/absence of viral DNA in crevicular fluid samples of both healthy periodontal patients and periodontal compromised patients, and considering the periodontitis staging (stage II, stage III, and stage IV) and grading (grade A, grade B, and grade C). Statistical Analysis The distribution of the same exposure variables to the periodontitis staging and grading was compared using Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Gamma tests depending on the variable characteristics. The significance level was set at 5%. The association of the variables: age, sex, diabetes, smoking, alcohol, and oral hygiene was also considered. Results The prevalence of Herpesviridae family virus DNA was 6% for the periodontal healthy group and 60% for the periodontitis group (roughly 60% on periodontitis stages II, III, and IV, p <0.001; and twofold increase in moderate and rapid progression grades compared with the slow progression grade, p <0.001). HSV1 DNA was prevalent in all periodontitis stages and grades. HSV 2, EBV, and CMV DNA had increasing prevalence rates in more severe stages (stages III and IV, p <0.001); while considering periodontitis grade, HSV2 (p = 0.001), CMV (p = 0.019) and EBV (p <0.001) DNA were prevalent only in grades B and C, with EBV DNA registering a marked prevalence in grade C. Conclusion A significant different distribution of Herpesviridae virus DNA per each stage of disease was registered.

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“…Conversely, oral EBV prevalence is related to periodontitis severity because it enhances periodontal bacterial pathogenicity. [23] EBV can enhance the release of interleukin-6 and -8 in human gingival fibroblasts [24] and inhibit phagocytosis ability in macrophages by attenuating tumor necrosis factor- α production and Toll-like receptor 9 expression in macrophages. [24,25] Therefore, oral EBV can induce periodontal inflammation and periodontopathic bacterial growth by inhibiting host immune responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of oral Epstein-Barr virus and Porphyromonas gingivalis and their association with periodontal inflamed surface area: A cross-sectional study

Shigeishi

Oka

et al. 2022

Medicine

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We previously reported that oral herpesviruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are associated with periodontitis. However, the relationship between oral EBV or dual oral EBV and Porphyromonas gingivalis infections and periodontal inflammation severity remains unclear. We conducted this study to determine the relationship between oral EBV and P gingivalis prevalence and the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) in middle-aged and older adults. We analyzed 205 patients (median age, 70 years) who visited Hiroshima University Hospital. Tongue swab samples were used to investigate the presence of EBV and P gingivalis DNA using real-time PCR. Probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing were measured at 6 sites per tooth. PISA scores were calculated based on the results of probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing. Propensity scores were calculated via logistic regression analysis of 8 clinical factors: age, sex, smoking status, remaining teeth, denture use, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. EBV DNA was present in 41 of the 205 participants (20.0%). Thirty-seven EBV-positive or -negative participants in 74 matched pairs after propensity-score matching were examined via univariate analysis. EBV-positive participants exhibited higher plaque control record scores and PISAs than did EBV-negative participants. EBV DNA was significantly associated with plaque control record scores and PISA (both P = .04). Of the 205 participants, 111 were positive for P gingivalis (54.1%). Nineteen participants (9.3%) were infected with both oral EBV and P gingivalis. Logistic regression analysis revealed that dual infection with EBV and P gingivalis was significantly associated with diabetes (odds ratio = 3.37, 95% confidence interval: 1.13-10.1; P = .03). Oral EBV prevalence is associated with oral hygiene and the spread of inflamed periodontal tissue. Diabetes may be a risk factor for dual infection with oral EBV and P gingivalis.Abbreviations: EBV = Epstein-Barr virus, PCR = polymerase chain reaction, PESA = periodontal epithelial surface area, PISA = periodontal inflamed surface area.

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Epstein-Barr Virus Promotes the Production of Inflammatory Cytokines in Gingival Fibroblasts and RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation in RAW264.7 Cells

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Associations between Oral Human Herpesvirus-6 and -7 and Periodontal Conditions in Older Adults

Associations between Oral Human Herpesvirus-6 and -7 and Periodontal Conditions in Older Adults

Association of Herpesvirus and Periodontitis: A Clinical and Laboratorial Case–Control Study

Prevalence of oral Epstein-Barr virus and Porphyromonas gingivalis and their association with periodontal inflamed surface area: A cross-sectional study

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