Epstein-Barr Virus is Associated with Gastric Cancer Precursor: Atrophic Gastritis

Zhao, Kai; Xia, Suhong; Feng, Lina L.; Zhou, Wangdong; Zhang, Mingyu; Dong, Ruonan; Tian, Dean; Liu, Mei; Liao, Jiazhi

doi:10.7150/ijms.71820

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…It is very difficult to collect EBVaGC cases without H. pylori infection, because most patients with gastric cancer are infected with H. pylori [ 33 , 34 ]. However, a clinical study was conducted to investigate the relationship between EBV infection, H. pylori infection, and atrophic gastritis in 468 patients with chronic gastritis[ 35 ]. This study confirmed that patients who were EBV-positive had a lower pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II ratio than patients who were EBV-negative.…”

Section: Inflammation and Carcinogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer: Infection, inflammation, and oncogenesis

Iizasa¹,

Kartika²,

Fekadu³

et al. 2022

World J Gastroenterol

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) cells originate from a single-cell clone infected with EBV. However, more than 95% of patients with gastric cancer have a history of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection, and H. pylori is a major causative agent of gastric cancer. Therefore, it has long been argued that H. pylori infection may affect the development of EBVaGC, a subtype of gastric cancer. Atrophic gastrointestinal inflammation, a symptom of H. pylori infection, is observed in the gastric mucosa of EBVaGC. Therefore, it remains unclear whether H. pylori infection is a cofactor for gastric carcinogenesis caused by EBV infection or whether H. pylori and EBV infections act independently on gastric cancer formation. It has been reported that EBV infection assists in the onco-genesis of gastric cancer caused by H. pylori infection. In contrast, several studies have reported that H. pylori infection accelerates tumorigenesis initiated by EBV infection. By reviewing both clinical epidemiological and experimental data, we reorganized the role of H. pylori and EBV infections in gastric cancer formation.

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Section: Inflammation and Carcinogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer: Infection, inflammation, and oncogenesis

Iizasa¹,

Kartika²,

Fekadu³

et al. 2022

World J Gastroenterol

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“…Moreover, Zhao et al have repeatedly identified the presence of EBV and H. pylori. in the mucosa of patients with moderate chronic atrophic gastritis [ 122 ].…”

Section: Epstein-barr Virus (Ebv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapeutic Management in Virus-Associated Digestive System Tumors

Sarantis

Trifylli

Koustas

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The development of cancer is a multifactorial phenomenon, while it constitutes a major global health problem. Viruses are an important factor that is involved in tumorigenesis and is associated with 12.1% of all cancer cases. Major examples of oncogenic viruses which are closely associated with the digestive system are HBV, HCV, EBV, HPV, JCV, and CMV. EBV, HPV, JCV, and CMV directly cause oncogenesis by expressing oncogenic proteins that are encoded in their genome. In contrast, HBV and HCV are correlated indirectly with carcinogenesis by causing chronic inflammation in the infected organs. In addition, the tumor microenvironment contains various immune cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts, as well as several growth factors, cytokines, and other tumor-secreted molecules that play a key role in tumor growth, progression, and migration, while they are closely interrelated with the virus. The presence of T-regulatory and B-regulatory cells in the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the anti-tumor immune reaction. The tumor immune microenvironments differ in each type of cancer and depend on viral infection. The alterations in the immune microenvironment caused by viruses are also reflected in the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The present review aims at shedding light on the association between viruses and digestive system malignancies, the characteristics of the tumor immune microenvironment that develop, and the possible treatments that can be administered.

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“…Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) is an infectious agent‐associated malignancy discovered in Burkitt lymphoma cells 1 and is causally associated with several human tumours, including Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NC), gastric carcinoma (GC) and lymphoepithelial carcinoma of several organs such as salivary glands, lung and liver 2–6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Epstein‐Barr virus LMP‐1 and Hodgkin lymphoma LMP‐1 mechanisms in Hodgkin lymphoma development

Oliveira,

Costa,

Quaresma

2024

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Hodgkin lymphoma is histologically characterised by the presence of Hodgkin (H) and Reed‐Sternberg (RS) cells originating from germinal centre B‐cells rearranged in the IgV gene. The formation of multinucleated RS cells is a product of telomere organisation in a process initiated by telomere aggregate accumulation in mononuclear H cells and may be mediated by latent membrane protein 1 (LMP‐1) expression. LMP‐1 is the main oncoprotein of EBV and supports several tumourigenic processes. LMP‐1 may rescue proapoptotic B‐cells through downregulation of B‐cell receptor (BCR) components, mimicking and inducing multiple distinct B‐cell signalling pathways to promote proliferation and survival, such as Janus kinase‐signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK‐STAT), nuclear factor‐kappa b (NF‐кB), and cellular MYC (c‐MYC), and inducing telomere instability mainly through Telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) downregulation to promote the formation of multinucleated RS cells. This review presents recent discoveries regarding the influence of LMP‐1 on the surviving cellular signalling, genomic instability and mecanical formation of HRS cells.

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Epstein-Barr Virus is Associated with Gastric Cancer Precursor: Atrophic Gastritis

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Development of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer: Infection, inflammation, and oncogenesis

Development of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer: Infection, inflammation, and oncogenesis

Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapeutic Management in Virus-Associated Digestive System Tumors

Association between Epstein‐Barr virus LMP‐1 and Hodgkin lymphoma LMP‐1 mechanisms in Hodgkin lymphoma development

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