Epstein–Barr Virus History and Pathogenesis

Hui, Yu; Robertson, Erle S.

doi:10.3390/v15030714

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 170 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…EBV is a ubiquitous, oncogenic virus that can cause asymptomatic life-long persistence [13]. EBV acts as a causative factor in the development of diseases, such as infectious mononucleosis, systemic autoimmune diseases, oral diseases, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma [14,15,16]. Human Cytomegalovirus is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that establishes latent infection in most people worldwide but can cause severe disease in immunocompromised individuals [17,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of targeted next-generation sequencing to identify pathogens in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of adults with pulmonary infections

He,

Wu,

Liang

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) has emerged as an efficient diagnostic method for pathogens identification. herein, we aimed to evaluate its performance in pathogen detection in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Methods BALF samples were obtained from 262 adult patients with pulmonary infection and were detected by tNGS, microbial culture, Xpert® MTB/RIF assay, and Aspergillus galactomannan (GM) test. Results In total, 47 potential pathogens were identified in the BALF samples by tNGS, including 21 bacteria, 13 viruses, 11 fungi, 1 parasite, and 1 mycoplasma. The bacterial detection rates of tNGS and ordinary bacterial culture were 74.0% (194/262) and 28.2% (74/262), respectively. The rates of negative, positive, and total consistent and the kappa value between tNGS and bacterial culture were 30.8%, 86.4%, 46.4%, and 0.116, respectively. The positive rate of fungal identification by tNGS was slightly higher than that of fungal culture (31.7% (83/262) and 22.9% (60/262), respectively). The rates of positive, negative, and total consistent and the kappa value between tNGS and fungal culture were 68.9%, 79.1%, 76.7%, and 0.424, respectively. Among the 42 patients with suspected tuberculosis infection, 23 patients showed positive results on both tNGS and Xpert® MTB/RIF assay. The rates of positive, negative, and total consistent and the kappa value between tNGS and pert® MTB/RIF assay were 100.0%, 68.4%, 85.7%, and 0.704, respectively. Finally, the sensitivity and specificity of tNGS versus the GM test were 57.1% and 90.6% versus 71.4% and 82.7%, respectively, when the fungal culture was used as the gold standard for detecting Aspergillus. Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity of tNGS increased to 86.2% and 98.7%, whereas the sensitivity of the GM test decreased to 69.0% when clinically diagnosed Aspergillus infection was used as a reference standard. The read counts of Aspergillus detected by tNGS and the optical density of the GM test were not significantly correlated. Conclusions tNGS is a promising method for detecting pathogens in BALF with a notably higher positive detection rate and a higher sensitivity and/or specificity compared with those of the conventional test.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of targeted next-generation sequencing to identify pathogens in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of adults with pulmonary infections

He,

Wu,

Liang

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Multiple studies conducted since then have provided evidence of the existence of many different EBV variants. As a result, EBV strains, which are largely distinguished by genetic differences in their Epstein Barr Nuclear Antigens (EBNAs), have been divided into two groups, namely type 1 (type A) or type 2 (type B) [60,61]. Type 1 strains include B95-8, GD1, and Akata and are the most prevalent EBV type worldwide while type 2 strains (AG876 and P3HR-1) are endemic in sub-Saharan Africa [62].…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious mononucleosis: new concepts in clinical presentation, epidemiology, and host response

Naughton,

Enright,

Lucey

2024

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of the review Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an infectious disease that presents clinically in only a small percentage of individuals despite almost universal infection with the causative agent. Here, we review the latest concepts in the clinical presentation, epidemiology, and host response of this disease. Recent findings Several recently published papers/reviews describe IM as a condition caused by one of several etiologic agents including, cytomegalovirus (HHV-5), Roseola virus (HHV-6) and Toxoplasmosis amongst others; this review focuses on IM as solely caused by the human herpes virus 4 (HHV-4). Since the initial discovery of the virus in the 1960s and its subsequent discovery as the primary etiologic agent for IM it has been associated with several human cancers and autoimmune disorders. Recent published findings show a correlation between HHV-4 and the autoimmune disorder, multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting earlier IM could possibly act as a causative factor. Considering the important links being made with IM to so many cancers and autoimmune disorders it is surprising that a standard investigative procedure has yet to be determined for this disease. A standard approach to the investigation of IM would ensure more cases are diagnosed, particularly atypical cases, this would benefit epidemiological studies, and more immediately help practitioners distinguish viral from bacterial throat infections, enabling them to treat accordingly. Summary The understanding of the latest concepts in clinical presentation, epidemiology and host response to IM would benefit greatly from the introduction of a standard procedure for its investigation and diagnosis.

show abstract

“…EBV remains the most common persistent, asymptomatic viral infection in humans; about 95% of adults worldwide are infected with EBV [ 22 ]. Multiple EBV infections are the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis and are closely associated with several lymphomas and epithelial malignancies, including Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), Burkitt’s lymphoma, natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasopharyngeal cancer, and gastric cancer.…”

Section: Ebv and Tcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two primary host cells that EBV virus targets are B cells and epithelial cells [ 22 , 34 ]. EBV encodes various envelope glycoproteins, which help the virus complete the attachment and entry of host cells [ 24 ].…”

Section: Ebv and Tcmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Role of Virus Infection in the Progression of Thyroid Cancer

Wu,

Jiang,

et al. 2024

World J Oncol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple factors have engaged in the progression of thyroid cancer (TC). Recent studies have shown that viral infection can be a critical factor in the pathogenesis of TC. Viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), may play an essential role in the occurrence, development, and even prognosis in TC. This review mainly explored the potential role of viral infection in the progress of TC. The possible mechanisms could be recognizing the host cell, binding to the receptors, affecting oncogenes levels, releasing viral products to shape a beneficial environment, interacting with immune cells to induce immune evasion, and altering the pituitary-thyroid axis. Thus, comprehensive knowledge may provide insights into finding molecular targets for diagnosing and treating virus-related TC.

show abstract

Epstein–Barr Virus History and Pathogenesis

Cited by 24 publications

References 170 publications

Application of targeted next-generation sequencing to identify pathogens in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of adults with pulmonary infections

Application of targeted next-generation sequencing to identify pathogens in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of adults with pulmonary infections

Infectious mononucleosis: new concepts in clinical presentation, epidemiology, and host response

The Potential Role of Virus Infection in the Progression of Thyroid Cancer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About