Epstein–Barr virus effect on frequency of functionally distinct T cell subsets in children with infectious mononucleosis

Sulik, Artur; Ołdak, E; Kroteń, Anna; Lipska, Alina; Radziwon, Piotr

doi:10.1016/j.advms.2014.04.003

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Previous studies showed that a huge predominance of mononuclear cells in circulating peripheral blood is EBV-specific CD8 + T cells in acute IM ( 25 ). In the present study, we observed noticeably increased counts of CD8 + T cells, but not for CD4 + T cells in response to EBV infection in a cohort of pediatric patients with IM compared with HCs, which was consistent with the previous studies ( 26 ). Further analysis revealed decreased percentages of Naïve subsets, but increased percentages of T EM subsets for CD4 + and CD8 + T cells and T CM for CD8 + T. These data demonstrated the rapid differentiation of Naïve T cells into effector and memory T cells with the stimulation of viral antigen.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

HLA-DR Expression Level in CD8+ T Cells Correlates With the Severity of Children With Acute Infectious Mononucleosis

et al. 2021

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BackgroundThis study aimed to assess the host immune signatures associated with EBV infection and its clinical value in indicating the severity of children with acute infectious mononucleosis (IM).MethodsTwenty-eight pediatric patients with IM aged 3–8 years were enrolled. The immune phenotypes and cytokine secretion capability of T cells were detected.ResultsThe percentages and absolute numbers of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells were significantly increased in IM patients compared with HCs. The percentages of Naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were decreased but with increased percentages of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T subsets. Our results showed the upregulation of active marker HLA-DR, TCR-αβ, and inhibitory receptors PD-1, TIGIT in CD8+ T cells from IM patients, which suggested that effective cytotoxic T cells were highly against EBV infection. However, EBV exposure impaired the cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α) secretion capability of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells after stimulation with PMA/ionomycin in vitro. Multivariate analysis revealed that the percentage of HLA-DR+ CD8+ T cells was an independent prognostic marker for IM. The percentage of HLA-DR+ CD8+ T cells was significantly correlated with high viral load and abnormal liver function results.ConclusionRobust expansion and upregulation of HLA-DR in CD8+ T cells, accompanied with impaired cytokine secretion, were typical characteristics of children with acute IM. The percentage of HLA-DR+ CD8+ T cells might be used as a prominent marker not only for the early diagnosis but also for indicating the severity of IM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

HLA-DR Expression Level in CD8+ T Cells Correlates With the Severity of Children With Acute Infectious Mononucleosis

et al. 2021

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“…Infected B‐cells undergo necrosis or apoptosis, resulting in a decreasing number of B‐cells and an increase in CD8+ T‐cells. The increase in CD8+ T‐cells results in a reversal of CD4/CD8 ratio 31 . Activated T‐cells produce various cytokines to cause clinical symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics of primary and reactivated Epstein‐Barr virus infection in children

Yang

Gao

2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection occurs commonly in children and presents as a primary or reactivated infection, which are difficult for clinicians to distinguish. This study investigated the clinical characteristics of the two types of infections. Children with detectable plasma EBV‐DNA were retrospectively enrolled and divided into primary and reactivated infection group by EBV‐specific antibody. We analyzed the patients' characteristics, clinical manifestations, complications, inflammatory biomarkers, and viral load. A total of 9.3% of children with reactivation were immunocompromised over the long‐term. The primary infection mostly appeared as infectious mononucleosis (99.8%), while reactivation occurred as an infectious mononucleosis‐like disease (65.0%), hemophagocytic syndrome (22.6%), chronic active EBV infection (5.3%) and lymphoma (3.5%). The incidence of fevers, cervical lymphoditis, periorbital edema, pharyngotonsillitis, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly in primary infection were 93.3%, 93.0%, 51.5%, 66.0%, 76.2% and 63.9%, respectively; the incidence of those symptoms in reactivation was 84.0%, 46.9%, 15.4%, 18.5%, 18.5%, and 43.3%, respectively. The incidence of digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, hematological, genitourinary complications and multiple serous effusion in primary infection was 68.8%, 18.1%, 8.0%, 0.8%, 2.9%, 0.0% and 2.3%; whereas the incidence of these complications in reactivation was 56.2%, 22.5%, 14.1%, 8.0%, 38.9%, 0.3% and 19.0%. Patients with reactivation were more prone to multi‐systemic damage. B‐cells were lower, and CD8+ T‐cells were higher in primary infection. Viral load was correlated with the level of different cytokines in primary and reactivated infection. EBV primary infection often presents as infectious mononucleosis. The reactivated infection affects more immunocompromised subjects with diverse and complex manifestations. Various complications are more commonly associated with reactivation as a result of different inflammatory responses to different types of infection.

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“…The disease occurs throughout the year, antibiotic treatment is ineffective, and ganciclovir treatment is effective. Clinically, multiple system damages such as breathing, digestion, circulation, blood, nerves, and urinary are prone to occur [ 3 ], and even tumors may occur [ 4 ]. Because the lesions involve multiple systems in children, the clinical manifestations are varied, and the symptoms are diversified, and it is often easy to be misdiagnosed or missed in the early stage, so early diagnosis of this disease is very meaningful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Correlation between Serum Immune Factor Levels and Allergic Constitution in Children with Infectious Mononucleosis

Sun

Wang

Lin

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. To investigate the correlation between serum immune factor levels and allergic constitution in children with infectious mononucleosis. Methods. A total of 120 children who visited our hospital from March, 2019, to December, 2020, were selected as the research objects, and 40 children who came to our hospital for physical examination were included in the control group (CG). 40 children with IM were classified into the IM group (IG), and 40 IM children with allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatitis, asthma, and other allergic diseases were classified into the IM allergy group (AG). On the second day of admission, 5 ml of fasting venous blood was collected from all children in the early morning to observe the serum IgE level, the level of lymphocyte subsets, and the level of immunoglobulin of the patient. Results. The serum CD3, CD4, and CD8 levels of children in AG were significantly higher than those in IG and CG ( P < 0.05 ). The serum IgE, IgA, IgM, and IgG levels of children in AG were significantly higher than those of IG and CG ( P < 0.05 ). The serum IgE levels of children in AG were positively correlated with the serum CD3, CD4, and CD8 levels ( P < 0.05 ). There was a positive correlation between the serum IgE level and serum IgA, IgM, and IgG levels in children with AG ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. The results of this study showed that there may be a certain relationship between allergic constitution and the incidence, clinical manifestations, and prognosis of infectious mononucleosis. IgE level can be used as a reference index for the early severity of IM clinical symptoms.

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Epstein–Barr virus effect on frequency of functionally distinct T cell subsets in children with infectious mononucleosis

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

HLA-DR Expression Level in CD8+ T Cells Correlates With the Severity of Children With Acute Infectious Mononucleosis

HLA-DR Expression Level in CD8+ T Cells Correlates With the Severity of Children With Acute Infectious Mononucleosis

Clinical characteristics of primary and reactivated Epstein‐Barr virus infection in children

Investigation on the Correlation between Serum Immune Factor Levels and Allergic Constitution in Children with Infectious Mononucleosis

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