Epstein–Barr Virus Association with Breast Cancer: Evidence and Perspectives

Arias-Calvachi, Claudia; Blanco, Rancés; Calaf, Gloria M.; Aguayo, Francisco

doi:10.3390/biology11060799

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…From 1995 to the present days, a great number of studies suggests that EBV may also have a role in the development of breast cancer (BC) in women [ 228 – 245 ] alone or in association with other viruses [ 246 , 247 ]. However, other authors did not succeed in confirming this association [ 229 , 242 , 248 – 253 ] and, despite the fact that epidemiological evidence points out a higher risk of BC in the presence of EBV, its role in the development of BC remains controversial [ 254 ]. A search for the involvement of EBV or an EBV-like virus in BC, as well as in similar feline and canine types of tumors, is under investigation.…”

Section: Gammaherpesvirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the link between viruses and cancer in companion animals: a comprehensive and comparative analysis

Parisi

Fonti

Millanta

et al. 2023

Infect Agents Cancer

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Currently, it is estimated that 15% of human neoplasms globally are caused by infectious agents, with new evidence emerging continuously. Multiple agents have been implicated in various forms of neoplasia, with viruses as the most frequent. In recent years, investigation on viral mechanisms underlying tumoral transformation in cancer development and progression are in the spotlight, both in human and veterinary oncology. Oncogenic viruses in veterinary medicine are of primary importance not only as original pathogens of pets, but also in the view of pets as models of human malignancies. Hence, this work will provide an overview of the main oncogenic viruses of companion animals, with brief notes of comparative medicine.

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Section: Gammaherpesvirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the link between viruses and cancer in companion animals: a comprehensive and comparative analysis

Parisi

Fonti

Millanta

et al. 2023

Infect Agents Cancer

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“…EBV is a DNA virus that belongs to the gamma Herpesviridae family [ 187 ]. The presence of the EBV genome was identified in a large subset of breast cancers by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Southern blot analysis and immunohistochemical detection of Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA-2) [ 188 ].…”

Section: Peptide Vaccines Developed For Female-specific Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Statistical association of EBV infection with increased breast carcinoma was demonstrated by meta-analysis [ 190 ]. Breast tumors showed viral products like EBNA-1, BZLF1, BARF-1, BARF-0, BXLF-2 and BFRF-3 [ 187 ]. Epidemiological studies suggest that EBV increases the risk for breast cancer and this association is stronger in Asian countries than in European countries, though EBV infection is not involved in the progression of breast cancer.…”

Section: Peptide Vaccines Developed For Female-specific Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide Vaccines as Therapeutic and Prophylactic Agents for Female-Specific Cancers: The Current Landscape

Lekshmy,

Dhanya,

Smrithi

et al. 2023

Pharmaceuticals

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Breast and gynecologic cancers are significant global threats to women’s health and those living with the disease require lifelong physical, financial, and social support from their families, healthcare providers, and society as a whole. Cancer vaccines offer a promising means of inducing long-lasting immune response against the disease. Among various types of cancer vaccines available, peptide vaccines offer an effective strategy to elicit specific anti-tumor immune responses. Peptide vaccines have been developed based on tumor associated antigens (TAAs) and tumor specific neoantigens which can also be of viral origin. Molecular alterations in HER2 and non-HER2 genes are established to be involved in the pathogenesis of female-specific cancers and hence were exploited for the development of peptide vaccines against these diseases, most of which are in the latter stages of clinical trials. However, prophylactic vaccines for viral induced cancers, especially those against Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection are well established. This review discusses therapeutic and prophylactic approaches for various types of female-specific cancers such as breast cancer and gynecologic cancers with special emphasis on peptide vaccines. We also present a pipeline for the design and evaluation of a multiepitope peptide vaccine that can be active against female-specific cancers.

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“…LMP1 acts as a constitutively active receptor, activating several signaling pathways leading to cell proliferation and survival. EBNA2, on the other hand, controls the expression of genes promoting B cell growth (33)(34)(35). While integration of the EBV genome into the host chromosome isn't common, the expression of its viral oncogenes and their interaction with cellular pathways plays a pivotal role in the development of EBV-associated cancers (36)(37)(38)(39)(40).…”

Section: Hepatitis B and C Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral oncogenes, viruses, and cancer: a third-generation sequencing perspective on viral integration into the human genome

Ye,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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The link between viruses and cancer has intrigued scientists for decades. Certain viruses have been shown to be vital in the development of various cancers by integrating viral DNA into the host genome and activating viral oncogenes. These viruses include the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Hepatitis B and C Viruses (HBV and HCV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), and Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus (HTLV-1), which are all linked to the development of a myriad of human cancers. Third-generation sequencing technologies have revolutionized our ability to study viral integration events at unprecedented resolution in recent years. They offer long sequencing capabilities along with the ability to map viral integration sites, assess host gene expression, and track clonal evolution in cancer cells. Recently, researchers have been exploring the application of Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) nanopore sequencing and Pacific BioSciences (PacBio) single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing in cancer research. As viral integration is crucial to the development of cancer via viruses, third-generation sequencing would provide a novel approach to studying the relationship interlinking viral oncogenes, viruses, and cancer. This review article explores the molecular mechanisms underlying viral oncogenesis, the role of viruses in cancer development, and the impact of third-generation sequencing on our understanding of viral integration into the human genome.

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Epstein–Barr Virus Association with Breast Cancer: Evidence and Perspectives

Cited by 10 publications

References 106 publications

Exploring the link between viruses and cancer in companion animals: a comprehensive and comparative analysis

Exploring the link between viruses and cancer in companion animals: a comprehensive and comparative analysis

Peptide Vaccines as Therapeutic and Prophylactic Agents for Female-Specific Cancers: The Current Landscape

Viral oncogenes, viruses, and cancer: a third-generation sequencing perspective on viral integration into the human genome

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