Epstein-Barr virus-associated cerebellar ataxia

Ali, Khalid; Lawthom, Charlotte

doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-009171

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Human herpesvirus 4 (HHV4) is one of the prominent lymphocryptoviruses associated with a number of human cancers (Grywalska et al, 2013;Petersson, 2015). HHV4, also known as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), prevalent in 90 to 95% of the human population, is also clinically associated with various neurological diseases such as primary central nervous system lymphoma, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, cerebellar ataxia, and encephalitis (Ali and Lawthom, 2013;Corssmit et al, 1997;Davies et al, 2016;Fallo et al, 2005). Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-neurotropic and can infect neuronal cell lines, Sh-Sy5y and Ntera2 cells, as well as human primary neurons (Cho and Song, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of gammaherpesvirus infection in free-ranging black bears (Ursus americanus)

et al. 2019

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A B S T R A C THerpesvirus infection was investigated in black bears (Ursus americanus) with neurological signs and brain lesions of nonsuppurative encephalitis of unknown cause. Visible cytopathic effects (CPE) could only be observed on days 3-5 post-infection in HrT-18G cell line inoculated with bear tissue extracts. The observed CPE in HrT-18G cells included syncytia, intranuclear inclusions, and cell detachments seen in herpesvirus infection in vitro. Herpesvirus-like particles were observed in viral culture supernatant under the electron microscope, however, capsids ranging from 60 nm to 100 nm in size were often observed in viral cultures within the first two passages of propagation. Herpesvirus infection in the bear tissues and tissue cultures were detected by PCR using degenerate primers specific to the DNA polymerase gene (DPOL) and glycoprotein B gene (gB). DNA sequencing of the amplicon revealed that the detected herpesvirus has 94-95% identity to Ursid gammaherpesvirus 1 (UrHV-1) DNA sequences of DPOL. Phylogenetic analysis of DPOL sequences indicates that black bear herpesviruses and UrHV-1 are closely related and have small distances to members of Rhadinovirus. Interestingly, black bear herpesvirus infections were also found in bears without neurological signs. The DPOL DNA sequence of black bear herpesviruses detected in neurological bears were similar to the those detected in the non-neurological bears. However, the gB DNA sequence detected from the neurological bear is different from non-neurological bear and has only 64.5%-70% identity to each other. It is possible that at least two different types of gammaherpesviruses are present in the U. americanus population or several gammaherpesviruses exist in ursine species. phoma, primary effusion lymphoma in human (Moore et al., 1996;Wong and Damania, 2005). However, both HHV-4 and HHV8 are

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of gammaherpesvirus infection in free-ranging black bears (Ursus americanus)

et al. 2019

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“…71,72 Acute cerebellar ataxia usually presents in the context of IM, but the condition has also been described as the only feature of EBV infection. 73 In post-EBV acute cerebellar ataxia, serum IgM autoantibodies have been identified which decreased with clinical improvement and thus suggests an autoimmune nature of the disease, 74 possibly as a result of molecular mimicry between EBV proteins and cerebellar tissue. However, viral nucleic acids in the CSF have been detected in some affected patients, 71 suggesting that viral infection of brain tissue may also contribute.…”

Section: Dovepressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intravenous gamma globulin and plasmapheresis have been used in the treatment of cerebellar ataxia complicating EBV primary infection, although this condition is usually benign and self-limiting. 141 Treatment with corticosteroids was used in a few cases, with doubtful results 73 (Table 2). 58 Reactivation is suggested by temporal relation to immune deficiency state due to HIV infection or post-transplantation drug-induced immune deficiency, as well as by a constellation of EBV antibodies with high anti-EBNA1 and low anti-VCA IgM.…”

Section: Treatment Of Monophasic Cerebellar Ataxia Following Immentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Options for Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Andersen¹,

Ernberg²,

Hedström³

2023

IDR

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a causative agent for several types of lymphomas and mucosal cancers, is a human lymphotropic herpesvirus with the capacity to establish lifelong latent infection. More than 90% of the human population worldwide is infected. The primary infection is usually asymptomatic in childhood, whereas infectious mononucleosis (IM) is common when the infection occurs in adolescence. Primary EBV infection, with or without IM, or reactivation of latent infection in immunocompromised individuals have been associated with a wide range of neurologic conditions, such as encephalitis, meningitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and cerebellitis. EBV is also involved in malignant lymphomas in the brain. An increasing number of reports on EBV-related disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) including the convincing association with multiple sclerosis (MS) have put in focus EBV-related conditions beyond its established link to malignancies. In this review, we present the clinical manifestations of EBVrelated CNS-disorders, put them in the context of known EBV biology and focus on available treatment options and future therapeutic approaches.

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“…EBV infection can be the main manifestation of acute cerebellar ataxia ( Ali and Lawthom, 2013 ). Patients are seropositive for EBV IgM and IgG, and OCBs of EBV viral capsid antigen antibodies can be found in the CSF( Al-Shokri et al, 2020 ; Soldan and Lieberman, 2020 ).…”

Section: Ebv and Acute Cerebellar Ataxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EBV infection mainly affects the cerebral hemispheres and leads to hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure ( Geurten et al, 2018 ). Studies demonstrate that the pathogenesis of cerebellar ataxia is related to direct EBV invasion of the CNS or a post-infection inflammatory response mediated by anti-neural antibodies ( Ali and Lawthom, 2013 ; D'Ambrosio et al, 2020 ). In addition, EBV lytic replication in neurons during cerebellar ataxia is thought to contribute to lytic gene expression (e.g.BZLF1) and neuronal damage in the CNS( Soldan and Lieberman, 2020 ).…”

Section: Ebv and Acute Cerebellar Ataxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr Virus and Neurological Diseases

Zhang

Zuo

Jiang

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also known as human herpesvirus 4, is a double-stranded DNA virus that is ubiquitous in 90–95% of the population as a gamma herpesvirus. It exists in two main states, latent infection and lytic replication, each encoding viral proteins with different functions. Human B-lymphocytes and epithelial cells are EBV-susceptible host cells. EBV latently infects B cells and nasopharyngeal epithelial cells throughout life in most immunologically active individuals. EBV-infected cells, free viruses, their gene products, and abnormally elevated EBV titers are observed in the cerebrospinal fluid. Studies have shown that EBV can infect neurons directly or indirectly via infected B-lymphocytes, induce neuroinflammation and demyelination, promote the proliferation, degeneration, and necrosis of glial cells, promote proliferative disorders of B- and T-lymphocytes, and contribute to the occurrence and development of nervous system diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, acute cerebellar ataxia, meningitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and brain tumors. However, the specific underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. In this paper, we review the mechanisms underlying the role of EBV in the development of central nervous system diseases, which could bebeneficial in providing new research ideas and potential clinical therapeutic targets for neurological diseases.

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Epstein-Barr virus-associated cerebellar ataxia

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Identification of gammaherpesvirus infection in free-ranging black bears (Ursus americanus)

Identification of gammaherpesvirus infection in free-ranging black bears (Ursus americanus)

Treatment Options for Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Epstein-Barr Virus and Neurological Diseases

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