EPS (Extracellular Polymeric Substances), silk, and chitin: vitally important exudates in aquatic ecosystems

Wotton, Roger S.

doi:10.1899/10-120.1

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Articles in this BRIDGES cluster also illustrate how aquatic ecosystems, in general, are replete with physical and conceptual linkages, all underpinned by the presence of water. Highlighted physical linkages include the movement of organic matter within, and between different water bodies (Petticrew et al 2011, Wotton 2011 and conceptual linkages include the role of environmental context (Mermillod-Blondin 2011, Petticrew et al 2011). Water facilitates linkages among aquatic systems by virtue of its physical and chemical characteristics, such as high specific-heat capacity, the nonlinear relationship between its density and temperature, high viscosity, and capacity to dissolve more substances than any other liquid (Dobson and Frid 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Examples include benthic-pelagic coupling (e.g., Blumenshine et al 1997), upstreamdownstream (e.g., Mulholland et al 1995) and surfacesubsurface connections (e.g., Valett et al 1997), and movements between aquatic ecosystems (e.g., Chaloner et al 2004). Mermillod-Blondin (2011) and Wotton (2011) provide examples of how organisms facilitate benthic-pelagic linkages, which have been neglected by some branches of aquatic research (Lamberti et al 2010) and certainly have yet to be compared among ecosystems.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Examples include the generation of flocs, or 'snow', from dissolved organic matter resulting from chemical, physical, and biological processes (Wotton 2011). Consumers also transform organic material by compacting egested material into fecal pellets that sink to form biodeposits (Mermillod-Blondin 2011) or are carried away by currents (Wotton 2011). In addition, aquatic organisms create biogenic structures from organic and inorganic material and act as ecosystem engineers (e.g., Mermillod-Blondin and Rosenberg 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In addition, aquatic organisms create biogenic structures from organic and inorganic material and act as ecosystem engineers (e.g., Mermillod-Blondin and Rosenberg 2006). Such transformations can have profound effects on the pelagic and benthic environment (MermillodBlondin 2011, Petticrew et al 2011, Wotton 2011. Producers and consumers release compounds directly into the surrounding water (Petticrew et al 2011, Wotton 2011 where these exudates are transformed or metabolized, often rapidly, by other organisms (e.g., Baines and Pace 1991, Amon and Benner 1996, Malinsky-Rushansky and Legrand 1996.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Such transformations can have profound effects on the pelagic and benthic environment (MermillodBlondin 2011, Petticrew et al 2011, Wotton 2011. Producers and consumers release compounds directly into the surrounding water (Petticrew et al 2011, Wotton 2011 where these exudates are transformed or metabolized, often rapidly, by other organisms (e.g., Baines and Pace 1991, Amon and Benner 1996, Malinsky-Rushansky and Legrand 1996. Such transformations are facilitated by interfaces that are abundant in all aquatic ecosystems (Naiman et al 1988), especially those between sediments and overlying water (Mermillod-Blondin 2011, Petticrew et al 2011, Wotton 2011.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Overview: the links that bind aquatic ecosystems

Chaloner

Wotton

2011

Journal of the North American Benthological Society

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Overview: the links that bind aquatic ecosystems

Chaloner

Wotton

2011

Journal of the North American Benthological Society

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Bacteria‐sediment associations in an alpine, freshwater environment and their effects on particle size, density and settling velocity

Barrett

Hodder

2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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This study measures the presence of bacteria-sediment associations (BSAs) in an alpine, glacier-fed watershed in the Southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. The impact of BSAs on the creation of flocculated particles and their settling velocity are quantified using a laser transmissometer. Results from the study indicate that BSAs are present in the watershed and vary over both space and time. The percentage of bacteria associated with sediment particles was found to range from < 1% to 40%. Major sources of planktonic bacteria such as agricultural land and wastewater treatment outflow co-occur with large decreases in the BSA ratio. Laboratory analysis demonstrates that an increase in the concentration of bacteria was associated with a decrease in the volume concentration of small particles, and a decrease in both estimated density and measured settling velocity for particles in larger size classes; consistent with flocculated particles of increasing complexity arising from combinations of primary particles and/or BSAs. Paleoenvironmental reconstructions using laminated lake sediments in alpine, glacier-fed systems benefit from a fuller understanding of the geomorphologic processes by which they formed. While bacteria are noted to enhance formation of flocculated particles in laboratory systems, their impact upon geomorphic processes in natural systems have yet to be fully explored.

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Invertebrate zoogeomorphology: A review and conceptual framework for rivers

Mason

Sanders

2021

WIREs Water

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Invertebrates are important sediment engineers, making up for their small body size with abundance and behavioral diversity. However, despite the recognized importance of invertebrates as sediment engineers in terrestrial and marine environments, zoogeomorphology in rivers has primarily considered larger taxa, such as fish and beaver. This article reviews the zoogeomorphic effects of invertebrates in freshwater habitats, with a focus on rivers. To better synthesize current zoogeomorphic research and to help guide future studies we build a conceptual model considering biotic (behavior, abundance, body size, life history, and species invasions) and abiotic (geophysical energy and sediment grain size) controls on the direction and magnitude of zoogeomorphology. We also incorporate invertebrate engineers into conceptual sediment entrainment models, to understand their geomorphic role in the context of hydraulic power and sediment size. We structure our review around invertebrate behavior as a key control on whether invertebrates have a sediment destabilizing or stabilizing impact. Invertebrate zoogeomorphic behavior are diverse; the majority of research concerns bioturbation, a result of locomotion, foraging, and burrowing behaviors by many taxa. Similarly, burrowing into bedrock by a caddisfly and non-biting midge larvae promotes bioerosion. Attachment to the substrate, (e.g., silk nets by caddisfly larvae or byssal threads by some mussels) can stabilize sediment, providing bioprotection. Bioconstructions (e.g., caddisfly cases and mussel shells) may have either stabilizing or destabilizing effects depending on their density and abiotic context. Interactions between lotic invertebrates and fluvial processes are complex and understudied, requiring further research across a greater range of taxa, behaviors, and spatiotemporal scales.

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EPS (Extracellular Polymeric Substances), silk, and chitin: vitally important exudates in aquatic ecosystems

Cited by 27 publications

References 93 publications

Overview: the links that bind aquatic ecosystems

Overview: the links that bind aquatic ecosystems

Bacteria‐sediment associations in an alpine, freshwater environment and their effects on particle size, density and settling velocity

Invertebrate zoogeomorphology: A review and conceptual framework for rivers

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