EPR zeugmatography with nodulated magnetic fField gradient

Herrling, T.; Klimes, N.; Karthe, W.; Ewert, Uwe; Ebert, Bernd

doi:10.1016/0022-2364(82)90184-6

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…22 The over-modulation of the sample is achieved by a set of gradient coils excited by a low frequency periodic current. 22 The over-modulation of the sample is achieved by a set of gradient coils excited by a low frequency periodic current.…”

Section: Imaging Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 To calculate the image resolution, for a specific signal harmonic p, we first find the field B ␦ m and then increase B z x , B z y , and/or B z z (depending on the dimensionality), in our numerical calculations of a p , until a p at B ␦ m becomes zero. As one increases B z x , B z y , and/or B z z , the amplitude of a p at B ␦ m will decrease and quickly reach zero.…”

Section: Imaging Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A three-dimensional electron spin resonance microscope

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Dunnam

Borbat

et al. 2004

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Articles you may be interested inHigh-sensitivity Q-band electron spin resonance imaging system with submicron resolution Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82, 043708 (2011);A broadband pulsed radio frequency electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer for biological applications Rev.An electron spin resonance (ESR) imaging system, capable of acquiring three-dimensional (3D) images with a resolution of ϳ10ϫ 10ϫ 30 m in a few minutes of acquisition, is presented. This ESR microscope employs a commercial continuous wave ESR spectrometer, working at 9.1 GHz, in conjunction with a miniature imaging probe (resonator+ gradient coils), gradient current drivers, and control software. The system can acquire the image of a small ͑ϳ1.5ϫ 1.5ϫ 0.25 mm͒ sample either by the modulated field gradient method, the projection reconstruction method, or by a combination of the two. A short discussion regarding the resolution of the modulated field gradient method in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D imaging is given. Detailed descriptions of the various system components are provided, along with several examples of 2D and 3D images that demonstrate the capabilities of the system.

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Section: Imaging Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Imaging Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A three-dimensional electron spin resonance microscope

Blank

Dunnam

Borbat

et al. 2004

Review of Scientific Instruments

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show abstract

“…Prior to our recent work, 16,19,46,47 experiments in ESR microscopy (ESRM) were scarce, mainly due to major technological difficulties, and the lack of appropriate paramagnetic probes to image. Thus, for example, CW detection in conjunction with the modulated field gradients (MFG) method was used to spatially encode the signals, obtained at a resolution of ∼10 μm in 1D, 48,49 whereas 2D images exhibit resolution of ∼100 μm 2 50 . The CW technique with static magnetic field gradients (where the image is obtained by the Projection Reconstruction, PR, method 17 ) achieved a resolution of ∼10 μm for 1D experiments, 51 and 2D/3D resolution of the order of ∼100–200 μm 2 17 .…”

Section: Esr Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These arguments can be presented in a more quantitative manner: With CW detection, one can employ either the MFG or the PR imaging method (see above). In the MFG method the image resolution is given by: 48 …”

Section: Improvement Of Sensitivity and Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ESR Microscopy and Nanoscopy with “Induction” Detection

Blank

Freed

2006

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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The current state‐of‐the‐art in the fields of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) micro‐imaging is reviewed. Special attention is given to the uniqueness and the advantages of the conventional “induction” detection method with respect to other emerging sensitive magnetic resonance detection and imaging techniques. Following this, a theoretical description of the factors affecting the sensitivity and resolution in induction detection ESR is provided. Based on the theory, new approaches to substantially improve ESR capabilities, both at room temperature and at low cryogenic temperatures, are discussed. Representative results of experiments conducted at room temperature and at frequencies of 10–16 GHz show that with test samples, a sensitivity of ∼107 electron spins and a resolution of ∼3 microns are currently available. The results confirm the validity of the theoretical approach and confirm the value of striving for even higher frequencies and lower temperatures, in order to further improve the performance Finally, some of the current and potential applications of ESR microscopy and nanoscopy (involving imaging with a resolution of ∼100 nm or better) are presented.

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“…Herrling and Ewert and coworkers introduced the method of modulated magnetic field gradients to make EPR imaging applicable to multicomponent samples and to simplify deconvolution of multicomponent spectra (19,20,33). Instead of a magnetic field gradient that was fixed, or was held "fixed" during the acquisition of a spectrum, they implemented methods in which the magnetic field gradient was modulated.…”

Section: Modulated Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epr Imaging

Eaton¹

1998

Foundations of Modern EPR

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EPR zeugmatography with nodulated magnetic fField gradient

Cited by 25 publications

References 7 publications

A three-dimensional electron spin resonance microscope

A three-dimensional electron spin resonance microscope

ESR Microscopy and Nanoscopy with “Induction” Detection

Epr Imaging

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