EPR Spectroscopy of Function In Vivo

Swartz, Harold M.; Khan, Nadeem

doi:10.1007/0-387-26741-7_9

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In the past, nitroxide labels have been used for in vivo EPR applications to determine the oxygen concentration, pH value, redox state, molecular mobility, and polarity of the local environment, and for spatial mapping of the free-radical metabolism. [8] Furthermore spin traps have been used for detection of nitric oxide, superoxide, and other reactive oxygen species. [8] Recently, first distance measurements on a double-spin-labeled protein (ubiquitin) in cells were reported.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[8] Furthermore spin traps have been used for detection of nitric oxide, superoxide, and other reactive oxygen species. [8] Recently, first distance measurements on a double-spin-labeled protein (ubiquitin) in cells were reported. [9] Here, we applied for the first time the PELDOR method to determine structural aspects of RNA and DNA molecules inside living Xenopus laevis oocytes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Long‐Range Distance Measurements on Nucleic Acids in Cells by Pulsed EPR Spectroscopy

et al. 2011

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Mapping the structure of nucleic acids: Pulsed electron–electron double‐resonance (PELDOR) spectroscopy has been applied for the first time to map the global structure of nucleic acids inside Xenopus laevis oocytes (see picture). The distances measured in vitro and in cells are the same, which implies the existence of stable overall conformations of the hairpin RNA and the neomycin‐sensing riboswitch studied.

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confidence: 99%

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Long‐Range Distance Measurements on Nucleic Acids in Cells by Pulsed EPR Spectroscopy

et al. 2011

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“…In vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been apptied successfully and extensively to measure important physiologic parameters in animal models such as tissue pO 2, free radicals, pH, perfusion, and redox status [1]. It seems clear that measurements of many of these parameters could be utilized effectively to advance medical care, with the potential to improve significantly diagnosis and therapy.…”

Section: Rationale and Our Approaeh For The Clinical Applications Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a number of other types of measurements, especially of biophysical parameters that may be effectively applied in the future [1]. Such measurements are likely to occur only after in vivo EPR is introduced into the clinic for the uses noted above.…”

Section: Speculations On the Future For The Use Of In Vivo Epr In Hummentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical applications of in vivo EPR: Rationale and initial results

2006

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In vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been very useful for studies in animals, and these results suggest that tbere are some very attractive potential applications in human subjects. In this article, we describe our rationale for the clinical application of in vivo EPR, some of the principal technical challenges, the initial results in human subjeets, and our evaluation of the areas where in vivo EPR is likely to play ah important clinical role in the near future. The most obvious area of very high potential for clinical applications is tissue oximetry, where in vivo EPR can provide repeated and accurate measurements of tissue pO 2, a type of measurement tbat cannot be obtained by other techniques. Oximetry is capable of providing clinieians with information that can impact directly on diagnosis and therapy, especiaUy for peripheral vascular disease, oncology, and wound healing. The other area of great immediate importance is the ability of in vivo EPR to measure clinically significant exposures to ionizing radiation after the fact, which may occur due to accidents, terrorist activity, or nuclear war. The results obtained already from human subjects demonstrate the feasibility of the use of in vivo EPR for measurements in human subjects. We anticipate that in vivo EPR will play a vital role in the clinical management of various pathologies in the years to come. Rationale and Our Approaeh for the Clinical Applications of In Vivo EPRIn vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been apptied successfully and extensively to measure important physiologic parameters in animal models such as tissue pO 2, free radicals, pH, perfusion, and redox status [1]. It seems clear that measurements of many of these parameters could be utilized effectively to advance medical care, with the potential to improve significantly diagnosis and therapy. We therefore have undertaken an active research program to determine fully the methodology needed to make such measurements and to establish the usefulness of such measurements.We believe that the key step for the successful clinical use of in vivo EPR is to establish application(s) where EPR has clear advantages, either by providing unique information or by demonstrating that it can provide information more

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Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Eaton

2011

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Unpaired electrons can be measured by their absorption of electromagnetic radiation when the energy level separations established by a magnetic field match the energy of the incident electromagnetic radiation (usually microwave or radio frequency). The measurement method is called electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The EPR methodology can be continuous‐wave (CW), pulsed, or rapid‐scan EPR. Since the paramagnetic species are commonly not uniformly distributed in the material studied, the spatial distribution can be discerned by performing the EPR measurement in a magnetic‐field gradient, such that different parts of the sample resonate at different strengths of the applied magnetic field. Performing EPR in a gradient field and then constructing a spatial image from the acquired EPR spectra is called EPR imaging, sometimes abbreviated to EPRI. The method is analogous to MRI, but with several differences in implementation due to differences in spectral line widths, relaxation times, and unpaired spin concentrations. The goal of EPRI is to determine why the spins are where they are. Applications are as diverse as understanding physiology, measuring O 2 concentration in tumors, and determining the distribution of radiation‐induced defect centers in solid materials.

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EPR Spectroscopy of Function In Vivo

Cited by 8 publications

References 70 publications

Long‐Range Distance Measurements on Nucleic Acids in Cells by Pulsed EPR Spectroscopy

Long‐Range Distance Measurements on Nucleic Acids in Cells by Pulsed EPR Spectroscopy

Clinical applications of in vivo EPR: Rationale and initial results

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

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