EPR and optical absorption study of Cr3+-doped tetramethyl ammonium cadmium chloride single crystals

Kripal, Ram; Govind, Har; Gupta, Shweta; Arora, Manju

doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.04.006

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…EDX measurements of CMCO confirmed the existence of impurity ions (

C r^{+ 3}

) replacing the vacancies of some parental ions (

C d^{+ 2}

) in the crystal. The earlier studies of electronic paramagnetic resonance revealed that the site symmetry of

C r^{+ 3}

ions in the parental

C d^{+ 2}

based crystals is distorted octahedron . Trivalent Cr +3 ion (ionic radius 0.63 A 0 ) can fit well in the vacant places of divalent

C d^{+ 2}

ion due to its smaller ionic radius than the parental Cd +2 (ionic radius 0.93 A 0 ) ion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trivalent Cr +3 ion (ionic radius 0.63 A 0 ) can fit well in the vacant places of divalent

C d^{+ 2}

ion due to its smaller ionic radius than the parental Cd +2 (ionic radius 0.93 A 0 ) ion. Two trivalent ions (

C r^{+ 3}

) are incorporated with three divalent ion (

C d^{+ 2}

) sites . Many studies have demonstrated the growth of doped crystals of X +1 –Y +2 (X and Y are metal ions) and X +2 –Y +2 combinations, but few are succeeded in developing X +2 –Y +3 combination crystals .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth, Characterization and Conductivity of Chromium Mixed Cadmium Oxalate Crystals

Ponnappa¹,

Nettar²,

Mylnahalli³

et al. 2018

Crystal Research and Technology

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Chromium mixed cadmium oxalate (CMCO) [Cr:Cd (C2O4).3H2O] crystals are grown by gel diffusion method using silica hydro gel as growth media at ambient temperature. The optimum condition for growth is established by varying the parameters such as specific gravity, pH, gel aging, concentration of reactants and ratio of mixture Cd+2 to Cr+3. Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirms the existence of Cd+2 and Cr+3 ions in the crystal lattice of CMCO. Thermo‐gravimetric analysis (TGA) reveal that, the CMCO are thermally stable up to 950 °C, which confirms the presence of three water molecules in the crystal lattice of CMCO. FT‐IR spectrum exhibits the presence of OH, carboxyl group and metal‐oxygen bonding. In this study, the occupation of vacancies of Cd+2 ions by Cr+3 cations in the lattice of mixed cadmium oxalate crystals without altering the morphology of the parent crystal is confirmed.

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“…EDX measurements of CMCO confirmed the existence of impurity ions (

C r^{+ 3}

) replacing the vacancies of some parental ions (

C d^{+ 2}

) in the crystal. The earlier studies of electronic paramagnetic resonance revealed that the site symmetry of

C r^{+ 3}

ions in the parental

C d^{+ 2}

based crystals is distorted octahedron . Trivalent Cr +3 ion (ionic radius 0.63 A 0 ) can fit well in the vacant places of divalent

C d^{+ 2}

ion due to its smaller ionic radius than the parental Cd +2 (ionic radius 0.93 A 0 ) ion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trivalent Cr +3 ion (ionic radius 0.63 A 0 ) can fit well in the vacant places of divalent

C d^{+ 2}

ion due to its smaller ionic radius than the parental Cd +2 (ionic radius 0.93 A 0 ) ion. Two trivalent ions (

C r^{+ 3}

) are incorporated with three divalent ion (

C d^{+ 2}

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Characterization and Conductivity of Chromium Mixed Cadmium Oxalate Crystals

Ponnappa¹,

Nettar²,

Mylnahalli³

et al. 2018

Crystal Research and Technology

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“…During data collection, we systematically extracted data from renowned academic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and IEEE Xplore, which is fundamental for constructing machine learning models. The dataset for Cr-doped samples is shown in Table 2, 43–71 and the dataset for Fe-doped samples is presented in Table 3. 72–96 These data, after preprocessing, serve as input features for the regression models listed in Section 2.3, enabling the prediction of Cr 3+ and Fe 3+ behavior in different environments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of metastable energy level distribution of D³⁺ (D = Cr and Fe) doped phosphors based on machine learning

Li,

Sun,

Wang

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. C

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“…The EPR spectra of glasses are usually interpreted on the basis of a spin Hamiltonian and a powder pattern. The free Cr 3+ ion, with its three unpaired electrons, has electronic spin S = 3/2 and nuclear spin I = 3/2 or 0 for 53 Cr (natural abundance 9.54%) and for 52 Cr (natural abundance 90.46%), respectively [13]. Within an octahedral crystal field, the 4 F ground state splits into an orbital singlet 4 A 2g and two orbital triplets 4 T 1g and 4 T 2g [14].…”

Section: Epr Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination and ion–ion interactions of chromium centers in alkaline earth zinc borate glasses probed by electron paramagnetic resonance and optical spectroscopy

Sumalatha¹,

Omkaram²,

Rao³

et al. 2013

Phys. Scr.

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Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical absorption and FT-IR studies have been carried out on chromium ions incorporated in alkaline earth zinc borate glasses. The EPR spectra exhibit two resonance signals with effective g values at g ≈1.99 and ≈1.97. The resonance signal at g ≈ 1.99 is attributed to the contribution from both the exchange coupled Cr 3+ -Cr 3+ ion pairs and the isolated Cr 3+ ions and the resonance signal at g ≈ 1.97 is due to Cr 5+ ions. The paramagnetic susceptibility (χ) was calculated from the EPR data at various (123-303 K) temperatures and the Curie temperature (θ p ) was calculated from the 1/χ-T graph. The optical absorption spectra exhibit three bands at ∼360 nm, ∼ 440 nm and a broad band at ∼615 nm characteristic of Cr 3+ ions in an octahedral symmetry. From the observed band positions, the crystal-field splitting parameter D q and the Racah parameters (B and C) have been evaluated. From the ultraviolet edges, the optical band gap energies (E opt ) and Urbach energy ( E) are calculated. The theoretical optical basicity ( th ) of these glasses has also been evaluated. Chromium ions doped alkaline earth zinc borate glasses show BO 3 and BO 4 structural units in the FT-IR studies.

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EPR and optical absorption study of Cr3+-doped tetramethyl ammonium cadmium chloride single crystals

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Growth, Characterization and Conductivity of Chromium Mixed Cadmium Oxalate Crystals

Growth, Characterization and Conductivity of Chromium Mixed Cadmium Oxalate Crystals

Prediction of metastable energy level distribution of D³⁺ (D = Cr and Fe) doped phosphors based on machine learning

Coordination and ion–ion interactions of chromium centers in alkaline earth zinc borate glasses probed by electron paramagnetic resonance and optical spectroscopy

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EPR and optical absorption study of Cr3+-doped tetramethyl ammonium cadmium chloride single crystals

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Growth, Characterization and Conductivity of Chromium Mixed Cadmium Oxalate Crystals

Growth, Characterization and Conductivity of Chromium Mixed Cadmium Oxalate Crystals

Prediction of metastable energy level distribution of D3+ (D = Cr and Fe) doped phosphors based on machine learning

Coordination and ion–ion interactions of chromium centers in alkaline earth zinc borate glasses probed by electron paramagnetic resonance and optical spectroscopy

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Product

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About

Prediction of metastable energy level distribution of D³⁺ (D = Cr and Fe) doped phosphors based on machine learning