Epoxy Resins

Fink, Johannes Karl

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814509-8.00003-8

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 381 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The extent of cure for BG-f and TG-f polybenzoxazines, denoted as 100 wt % BG-f-E and TG-f-E, were also monitored using DSC. These homopolymers exhibited lower extents of cure of 84% and 77% for BG-f and TG-f, respectively, which are attributed to the immobilization of polymer chains during vitrification and blocked reactivity from the large number of hydrogen bonds. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Biobased Benzoxazines Blended with an Epoxy Resin for Tunable High-Performance Properties

Chong

Salazar

Stanzione

2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biobased polybenzoxazines incorporate natural phenolic structures to produce polymers with near-zero shrinkage, high char yields, and high chemical and thermal resistances, garnering great interest as sustainable high-performance polymers. Herein, difunctional and trifunctional benzoxazine monomers, bisguaiacol-furfurylamine (BG-f) and triguaiacol-furfurylamine (TG-f), respectively, were synthesized from renewable guaiacol, vanillin, and furfurylamine using solventless procedures. Benzoxazines were blended with varying weights of epoxy resin and thermally cured to produce benzoxazine-epoxy (BG-f-E and TG-f-E) polymers. These polymers displayed glass transition temperatures ranging from 130 to 157 °C (peak of the loss modulus), thermal stabilities from 299 to 329 °C in both N2 and air, and char yields ranging from 35% to 58%. BG-f-E and TG-f-E with greater benzoxazine content produced stiffer materials exhibiting glassy storage moduli values upward of 3.48 and 3.69 GPa, respectively. BG-f-E polymers displayed higher molecular weight between cross-link values (646 g mol–1 to 981 g mol–1) compared to TG-f-E polymers (316 g mol–1 to 465 g mol–1) and exhibited fracture energies upward of 404 J m–2. These investigations demonstrate the utility of incorporating biobased benzoxazines into benzoxazine-epoxy resin formulations to design sustainable polybenzoxazines with tunable thermal and mechanical properties for high-performance polymer applications.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Biobased Benzoxazines Blended with an Epoxy Resin for Tunable High-Performance Properties

Chong

Salazar

Stanzione

2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Epoxy resins offer versatile integrated features such as outstanding mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and shape integrity in harsh conditions. These functional properties are the result of a crosslinked 3D network obtained by the chemical reaction between an epoxy monomer and a curing agent [1,2]. The use of epoxy thermosets has been surged over the last decade in a wide range of applications such as coatings, adhesives, solar cells, electronic apparels, as well as in automotive and aerospace industries [3,4].…”

Section: Bio-epoxy Versus Conventional Petroleum-based Epoxymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-epoxy resins with inherent flame retardancy

Rad

Vahabi

Anda

et al. 2019

Progress in Organic Coatings

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In the presence of a small amount of phase transfer catalyst (2 wt % BTAC), TP is used to react with large excessive epichlorohydrin to obtain a chlorohydrin intermediate, in which process epichlorohydrin plays a dual role: the reactant and solvent. After reaction, 1 H NMR (in CDCl 3 ), (C) 13 C NMR (in CDCl 3 ) spectra, (D) liquid chromatograms, and (E) viscosity-temperature profiles and activation energy (E η ). unreacted epichlorohydrin can be easily recovered via rotary evaporation under reduced pressure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most commodity epoxies are bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers (DGEBA) produced from bisphenol A (BPA) and epichlorohydrin (ECH), and their cured products and related materials exhibit many attractive performances for applications. 1,2 ECH is partially renewable since a minor fraction is produced from glycerol. On the other hand, BPA is a very important petroleum-based chemical for polymer industries but is essentially unreproducible and is synthesized from phenol and acetone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epoxy resins find extensive applications over a broader spectrum of sectors including coatings, adhesives, composites, electronic industry, renewable energies, vehicles, building, and others, owing to their advantages in mechanical properties, chemical resistance, electrical insulation, processing, property versatility, and so on. Most commodity epoxies are bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers (DGEBA) produced from bisphenol A (BPA) and epichlorohydrin (ECH), and their cured products and related materials exhibit many attractive performances for applications. , ECH is partially renewable since a minor fraction is produced from glycerol. On the other hand, BPA is a very important petroleum-based chemical for polymer industries but is essentially unreproducible and is synthesized from phenol and acetone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Thymol-Derived Trifunctional Epoxy Resin with Outstanding Thermomechanical Properties and Low Dielectric Constant: From High-Throughput Synthesis to High-Performance Thermoset

Duan,

Li,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The quest for high-performance and low-cost biobased epoxy resins will boost the sustainable development of epoxy resins and related applied materials for the future. Herein, starting from less expensive, readily available, renewable thymol, a biobased triphenol intermediate (TP) is synthesized in a high-throughput manner through a simple and efficient way, and then TP is converted into a targeted trifunctional epoxy monomer (TPEP) with a high epoxy value of 0.519 mol/100 g. TPEP is cured to a thermoset by using 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (44DDS) as a hardener, and the properties are compared with a standard bisphenol A epoxy (E44). Results from curing kinetic analysis demonstrate that TPEP/44DDS can be well cured in a short time at a higher temperature (>180 °C) with excellent storage stability at room temperature and could be formulated into a single-component epoxy system to ease storage and applications. Compared with E44/44DDS, TPEP/44DDS has excellent overall properties, such as the ultrahigh T g of 239 °C (DMA), outstanding storage modulus (739 MPa at 30 °C above T g ), decreased dielectric constant (2.5 at 1 MHz), improved high-temperature dimensional stability and thermal diffusivity, increased water contact angle (100.6°), and similar water absorption (3.1%) and thermal stability. In summary, TPEP could be readily synthesized in a large quantity from thymol via a cost-effective way, and the cured epoxy displays multiple advantages in properties. These merits will greatly facilitate scale-up synthesis and value-added applications of TPEP. Our contribution provides a bright avenue toward high-performance biobased epoxies of industrial relevance.

show abstract

Epoxy Resins

Cited by 11 publications

References 381 publications

Multifunctional Biobased Benzoxazines Blended with an Epoxy Resin for Tunable High-Performance Properties

Multifunctional Biobased Benzoxazines Blended with an Epoxy Resin for Tunable High-Performance Properties

Bio-epoxy resins with inherent flame retardancy

Thymol-Derived Trifunctional Epoxy Resin with Outstanding Thermomechanical Properties and Low Dielectric Constant: From High-Throughput Synthesis to High-Performance Thermoset

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About