Epoxy/PCL nanocomposites: Effect of layered silicate on structure and behavior

Rotrekl, Jakub; Matějka, Libor; Kaprálková, Ludmila; Zhigunov, Alexander; Hromádková, Jiřina; Kelnar, Ivan

doi:10.3144/expresspolymlett.2012.103

Cited by 32 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…The single but broad Tg peak indicates good compatibility between the EP(H) and PCL. Its shift toward lower temperature can be assigned to a reduction in the apparent crosslink density or increase in the free volume (9). Similar results were reported by other EP/PCL systems, too (9,14).…”

Section: Dmasupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Its shift toward lower temperature can be assigned to a reduction in the apparent crosslink density or increase in the free volume (9). Similar results were reported by other EP/PCL systems, too (9,14). The presence of PCL becomes, however, clearly detectable only for EP(H)/PCL-50 where and additional peak at T45 o C appears.…”

Section: Dmasupporting

confidence: 76%

“…In fact, PCL has been tried as toughening agent in EPs from the 2000s (8). Attempts were also made to control its reaction-induced phase separation through further additives, such as organoclay (9). Thermal mending of EP via thermoplastic PCL was first explored by Luo et al [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-healing properties of epoxy resins with poly(ε-caprolactone) healing agent

Karger‐Kocsis

2016

Polym. Bull.

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Abstract:Thermally induced healing through thermoplastic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), dissolved in 12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50 wt.%, respectively, in amine cured epoxy resins (EPs) was studied on compact tension (CT) specimens. Aromatic (hydrogenated diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A-type) and aliphatic (glyceroltriglycidylether) EPs were cured with the same amine (Jeffamine D 230) to receive EPs with different glass transition temperatures (Tg). Tg values of the parent EPs were lower (Tg= 32 o C) and higher (Tg= 90 o C), respectively, than the melt temperature (Tm≈60 o C) of the PCL. The curing-induced phase separation morphology of PCL was studied by light microcopy. Additional information on the phase structure was deduced from dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Blending with PCL reduced the Tg of the corresponding EPs. Fully broken CT specimens were repeatedly healed at 80 o C which was close to or higher than the actual Tg of the EP/PCL blend. It was found that the transition of PCL from disperse to continuous phase depends not only on the PCL amount but also on the EP type and its curing. EP/PCL systems with semi interpenetrating network structure (bi-continuous) exhibited markedly higher healing efficiencies compared to those in which PCL was present as disperse phase. The healing efficiency depended also on the temperature difference between the healing temperature and Tg of the EP with respect to Tm of PCL. When Tg>Tm then the related difference should be kept small while for Tg

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Section: Dmasupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Dmasupporting

confidence: 76%

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Self-healing properties of epoxy resins with poly(ε-caprolactone) healing agent

Karger‐Kocsis

2016

Polym. Bull.

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“…In some cases, suitable modifications can enhance HNT efficiency [17,18]. However, the evaluation of the structure-directing potential of HNT in polymer [19][20][21][22][23] is in its infancy stage, especially in comparison with that of oMMT [24][25][26][27]. Although the application of PLA and other high performance polyesters in the form of short reinforcing fibres [28,29] in polymer-polymer composites could be a radical alternative to the use PCL/ PLA blends, a significant limitation of this method is the difficult dispersion of compliant fibres in the polymer matrix and their relatively poor adhesion to it [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of halloysite on structure and properties of melt-drawn PCL/PLA microfibrillar composites

Kelnar¹,

Kratochvíl²,

Fortelný³

et al. 2016

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The study deals with the modification of mechanical properties of poly (!-caprolactone) (PCL)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) system using the microfibrillar composite (MFC) concept. As the in-situ formation of PLA fibrils by melt drawing was impossible due to flow instability during extrusion, the system was modified by adding halloysite nanotubes (HNT) using different mixing protocols. The resulting favourable effect on the rheological parameters of the components allowed successful melt drawing. Consequently, PLA fibrils formation combined with the reinforcement of components by HNT and increased PLA crystallinity lead to a biocompatible and biodegradable material with good performance suitable for a broad range of applications. The best results, comparable with analogous MFC modified with layered silicate (oMMT), have been achieved at a relatively low content of HNT of 3%, in spite of its lower reinforcing ability in a single nanocomposite. This indicates that modifying MFC by HNT, including fibrils and interface parameters, is more complex in comparison with the undrawn system.

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“…The minority phase, namely the thermoplastic-rich phase, is continuous due to its strengthened viscoelasticity during phase separation. In our recent work [28,29] we showed that nanoclay can significantly affect the behaviour of epoxy/ PCL systems containing 5-30% PCL. The radical morphological transformations consisting of phase inversion for 20% PCL content due to increasing clay content led to a substantial improvement of the mechanical behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an organoclay on the reaction-induced phase-separation in a dynamically asymmetric epoxy/PCL system

Rotrekl¹,

Sikora²,

Kaprálková³

et al. 2013

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The addition of layered silicates can significantly affect the phase behaviour of both immiscible thermoplastic blends and partially miscible thermoset systems that undergo reaction-induced phase separation (RIPS) during curing. This study focuses on the phase behaviour of polycaprolactone (PCL)/epoxy in the presence of organically modified montmorillonite (oMMT). Due to the high dynamic asymmetry caused by the differences in the molecular weights and viscosities of the PCL and the uncured epoxy, the critical point is localised at low PCL concentrations, as indicated by the pseudophase diagram. The addition of oMMT to the system led to the marked shift of the critical point towards higher concentrations of PCL, with an increase in the oMMT content occurring as a consequence of the preferential localisation of the clay in the epoxy phase, making this phase more dynamically slow. Significant changes in morphology, including phase inversion of the PCL/epoxy systems caused by the presence of oMMT, were recorded for PCL concentrations ranging from 10 to 30%.

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Epoxy/PCL nanocomposites: Effect of layered silicate on structure and behavior

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Self-healing properties of epoxy resins with poly(ε-caprolactone) healing agent

Self-healing properties of epoxy resins with poly(ε-caprolactone) healing agent

Effect of halloysite on structure and properties of melt-drawn PCL/PLA microfibrillar composites

Effect of an organoclay on the reaction-induced phase-separation in a dynamically asymmetric epoxy/PCL system

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