Epoxy nanocomposites – fracture and toughening mechanisms

Wetzel, Bernd; Rosso, Patrick; Haupert, F.; Friedrich, K.

doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2006.05.018

Cited by 740 publications

(508 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The tensile strength was improved only slightly. They reported an observation of a polymer shell around the inorganic particle, as suggested by Wetzel et al 6 for other nanoparticles and Zhang et al 32 for SiO 2 nanoparticles.…”

Section: Anhydride-cured Epoxy Resinsmentioning

confidence: 66%

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Epoxy resin composites with surface‐modified silicon dioxide nanoparticles: A review

Sprenger

2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

148

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Surface-modified silica nanoparticles, 20 nm in size and with a very narrow particle size distribution, have been available as concentrates in epoxy resins in industrial quantities for the last 10 years. They can be used in epoxy resin formulations to improve many different properties, including the strength, modulus, toughness, and fatigue performance. In this review, I examine the literature published in the last decade, compare the results with a focus on the mechanical properties, and discuss the mechanisms responsible for property improvements.

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Section: Anhydride-cured Epoxy Resinsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…In a continuation of this work, Wetzel et al 6 explored the fracture and toughening mechanisms using Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 nanoparticles of similar sizes (ca. 20 nm) in 4,4 0 -methylene bis(2-methylcyclohexyl-amine) cured DGEBA.…”

Section: Amine-cured Epoxy Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy resin composites with surface‐modified silicon dioxide nanoparticles: A review

Sprenger

2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

148

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“…10 shows SEM images of the fracture surfaces of a baseline and a nano-modified specimen. Two dominant toughening mechanisms involved with Mode II fracture tests are micro-cracks and hackles, which are both related to microscale matrix failure modes [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. A comparison between the two SEM images shows that the hackles are larger for the nanocomposites.…”

Section: Modes I and Ii Interlaminar Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of mechanical performance of epoxy/carbon fiber laminate composites using single-walled carbon nanotubes

Ashrafi

Guan

Mirjalili

et al. 2011

Composites Science and Technology

210

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Carbon nanotubes (CNT) in their various forms have great potential for use in the development of multifunctional multiscale laminated composites due to their unique geometry and properties. Recent advancements in the development of CNT hierarchical composites have mostly focused on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). In this work, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were used to develop nano-modified carbon fiber/epoxy laminates. A functionalization technique based on reduced SWCNT was employed to improve dispersion and epoxy resin-nanotube interaction. A commercial prepregging unit was then used to impregnate unidirectional carbon fiber tape with a modified epoxy system containing 0.1 wt% functionalized SWCNT. Impact and compression-after-impact (CAI) tests, Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness tests were performed on laminates with and without SWCNT. It was found that incorporation of 0.1 wt% of SWCNT resulted in a 5% reduction of the area of impact damage, a 3.5% increase in CAI strength, a 13% increase in Mode I fracture toughness, and 28% increase in Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness. A comparison between the results of this work and literature results on MWCNT-modified laminated composites suggests that SWCNT, at similar loadings, are more effective in enhancing the mechanical performance of traditional laminated composites.Crown

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“…The linear dimension of some clusters exceeds 300 nm. 3 By mechanically dispersing the alumina nanoparticles in the DGEBA resin, the average cluster size was reduced considerably below 100 nm. 3 To yield translucent samples to be studied by Brillouin spectroscopy, the alumina concentration of 4.6 mass % was chosen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Thus, the mechanical properties of this material class are of special importance. These mechanical properties can be significantly improved by adding nanoparticles to the epoxy matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans-Interfacial Polymerization and Matter Transport Processes in Epoxy-Alumina Nanocomposites Visualized By Scanning Brillouin Microscopy

et al. 2010

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The structural developments in the vicinity of the interface between the reactants of an epoxy are investigated using time-and space-resolved scanning Brillouin microscopy. The hypersonic profile across the phase boundary evolves with strong spatial asymmetry and exhibits erratic behavior within the resin-rich region, which is attributed to a complex interplay between matter transport, dissolution, polymerization, and molecular unravelling process. The presence of alumina nanoparticles in the resin changes the character of these matter transport and reaction processes significantly. On the one hand, the nanoparticles act as transport barriers, hindering the mixing of the reactive components; on the other hand they seem to have a catalytic influence on the epoxy polymerization under certain circumstances. Their transport against gravity is tentatively attributed to gradients in surface tension.

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Epoxy nanocomposites – fracture and toughening mechanisms

Cited by 740 publications

References 49 publications

Epoxy resin composites with surface‐modified silicon dioxide nanoparticles: A review

Epoxy resin composites with surface‐modified silicon dioxide nanoparticles: A review

Enhancement of mechanical performance of epoxy/carbon fiber laminate composites using single-walled carbon nanotubes

Trans-Interfacial Polymerization and Matter Transport Processes in Epoxy-Alumina Nanocomposites Visualized By Scanning Brillouin Microscopy

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