Epoxy Composites with Reduced Graphene Oxide–Cellulose Nanofiber Hybrid Filler and Their Application in Concrete Strain and Crack Monitoring

Wu, Zhiqiang; Wei, Jun; Dong, Rongzhen; Chen, Hao

doi:10.3390/s19183963

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…When concrete is stressed, its resistivity will change obviously, and its resistance is sensitive to the stress response. According to resistivity change, the stress of smart GNPC can be inferred, and thus the intelligent response can be realized [108][109][110]. Wu et al [108] found that graphene nanofibers can form a stable conductive network, resulting in a considerable change in the resistivity of the composite.…”

Section: Field Response Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to resistivity change, the stress of smart GNPC can be inferred, and thus the intelligent response can be realized [108][109][110]. Wu et al [108] found that graphene nanofibers can form a stable conductive network, resulting in a considerable change in the resistivity of the composite. e curve of Figure 21(a) shows a good linear relationship between RCR and strain in the strain range of about 10%.…”

Section: Field Response Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…erefore, smart NFRC is suitable for embedded concrete to make smart buildings and calibrate structural monitoring in practical application. Wu et al [108]prepared CNF/RGO smart concrete and found that CNF can significantly improve the dispersion of RGO and help form a stable conductive network. e results show that the composite is highly sensitive to mechanical strain and resistivity, and its regularity coefficient is 34∼71.…”

Section: Field Response Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research Progress in Environmental Response of Fiber Concrete and Its Functional Mechanisms

Lei

Zhao

et al. 2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Smart fiber reinforced concretes (FRC) are good in intelligent environmental response. With the smart FRC being used in buildings such as bridges and tunnels, the real-time online distributed monitoring of concrete state can be realized. It provides an excellent solution to reduce the emergencies caused by the accumulation of damages, resistance attenuation, etc. This paper analyzes smart FRC’s self-sensing and self-healing response characteristics under different environmental response fields. Furthermore, the intelligent response mechanism of smart carbon fiber reinforced concrete (CFRC), optical fiber reinforced concrete (OFRC), glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC), and nanofiber reinforced concrete (NFRC) would be summarized. The response fields include the stress field, temperature field, electromagnetic field, chemical field, and humidity field, among which the field response mechanism of smart NFRC is classified and summarized. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages, the intelligent response parameters, and the applications of smart FRC under different environmental fields are compared.

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Section: Field Response Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Response Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Response Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research Progress in Environmental Response of Fiber Concrete and Its Functional Mechanisms

Lei

Zhao

et al. 2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…CCMs with piezoresistive properties have demonstrated great potential in developing smart civil engineering structures with the capability of self-sensing and structural health monitoring. For example, such CCMs with a piezoresistive property can be used in buildings and infrastructures to monitor the strain and crack in the structures [116,117]. Therefore, the improvement in the piezoresistive property of the GRCCMs can significantly enhance the sensitivity of such multifunctional composites as sensors.…”

Section: Piezoresistive Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical, Piezoresistive and Electromagnetic Properties of Graphene Reinforced Cement Composites: A Review

Yue

Wang

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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Due to their excellent combination of mechanical and physical properties, graphene and its derivatives as reinforcements have been drawing tremendous attention to the development of high-performance and multifunctional cement-based composites. This paper is mainly focused on reviewing existing studies on the three material properties (electrical, piezoresistive and electromagnetic) correlated to the multifunction of graphene reinforced cement composite materials (GRCCMs). Graphene fillers have demonstrated better reinforcing effects on the three material properties involved when compared to the other fillers, such as carbon fiber (CF), carbon nanotube (CNT) and glass fiber (GF). This can be attributed to the large specific surface area of graphene fillers, leading to improved hydration process, microstructures and interactions between the fillers and the cement matrix in the composites. Therefore, studies on using some widely adopted methods/techniques to characterize and investigate the hydration and microstructures of GRCCMs are reviewed and discussed. Since the types of graphene fillers and cement matrices and the preparation methods affect the filler dispersion and material properties, studies on these aspects are also briefly summarized and discussed. Based on the review, some challenges and research gaps for future research are identified. This review is envisaged to provide a comprehensive literature review and more insightful perspectives for research on developing multifunctional GRCCMs.

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“…The choice of curing temperature is the key to the formation of a stable reinforcement and conductive network. If the temperature is high and the water evaporates too quickly, the network between graphene flakes will be destroyed, thus affecting the mechanical and electrical properties of the composites [24]. Table 1 is the filler percentage of samples, and the values of RGO and CNF are mass percent to WEP.…”

Section: Materials and Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three-Dimensional Strain Rosette Sensor Based on Graphene Composite with Piezoresistive Effect

Wei

Dong

et al. 2019

Journal of Sensors

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Obtaining the internal stress and strain state of concrete to evaluate the safety and reliability of structures is the important purpose of concrete structural health monitoring. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) strain rosette sensor was designed and fabricated using graphene-based piezoresistive composite to measure the strains in concrete structures. The piezoresistive composite was prepared using reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as conductive filler, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) as dispersant and structural skeleton, and waterborne epoxy (WEP) as polymer matrix. The mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical properties of RGO-CNF/WEP composite were tested. The results show that the tensile strength, elastic modulus, and conductivity of the composite are greatly improved by the addition of RGO and CNF. The relative resistance change of composite films demonstrates high sensitivity to mechanical strain with gauge factors of 16-52. Within 4% strain, the piezoresistive properties of composites are stable with good linearity and repeatability. The sensing performance of the 3D strain rosette was tested. The measured strains are close to the actual strains of measure point in concrete, and the error is small. The RGO-CNF/WEP composite has excellent mechanical and piezoresistive properties, which enable the 3D strain rosette to be used as embedded sensor to measure the internal strain of concrete structures accurately.

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Epoxy Composites with Reduced Graphene Oxide–Cellulose Nanofiber Hybrid Filler and Their Application in Concrete Strain and Crack Monitoring

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Research Progress in Environmental Response of Fiber Concrete and Its Functional Mechanisms

Research Progress in Environmental Response of Fiber Concrete and Its Functional Mechanisms

Electrical, Piezoresistive and Electromagnetic Properties of Graphene Reinforced Cement Composites: A Review

A Three-Dimensional Strain Rosette Sensor Based on Graphene Composite with Piezoresistive Effect

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