Epoxidation of styrene with molecular oxygen over binary layered double hydroxide catalysts

Graphene Oxide Supported Oxovanadium (IV) Complex for Catalytic Peroxidative Epoxidation of Styrene: An Eye‐Catching Impact of Solvent

“…The maximum conversion with this catalyst was 63.5% and the selectivity for SO was increased continuously with the reaction temperature from 75 to 97 °C and time 1 to 5 hr. B. Tyagi and his group have studied the varied cation molar ratio over binary layered double hydroxides of Mg–Al and Co–Al for the epoxidation of styrene using molecular O 2 as an oxidant. Amongst these, Co‐Al LDH exhibited highest styrene conversion of 97% with 83% SO selectivity at 100 °C after 4 hr.…”

“…According to Koopman's theorem, the different global reactivity descriptors, i.e., electronegativity (χ), chemical potential (μ), global hardness (η), global electrophilicity index (ω) and global softness (S) are investigated using the energies of frontier molecular orbitals ɛ LUMO , ɛ HOMO and are given by; The energies ω, μ, χ, η, S, ɛ LUMO , ɛ HOMO and energy bandgap ( ɛ LUMO − ɛ HOMO ) for all considered systems are presented in Table . The electron affinity (EA) of all considered systems is expressed by the LUMO orbital energies obtained using Gaussian09 package as EA = ‐LUMO.…”

Synthesis and characteristics of Mg‐Ni‐Al‐CO3 hydrotalcites for styrene oxidation

“…Therefore, an increase in reaction time at a fixed temperature may lead to the selective formation of desired oxygenated products at a higher conversion of styrene. [3,4,13,[18][19][20] Figure 5 displays the catalytic activity at several periods of reaction time. In line with what was observed in Fig.…”

“…Under reported reaction conditions, the formed products may be consecutively converted into oxygen-richer compounds such as benzoic acid, esters... As a result, byproducts are favorably yielded at the expense of benzaldehyde as lasting the reaction mixture. [12,17,20] The preliminary catalytic performance indicated that Mg-Ni-Al has ability to oxidize selectively styrene to benzaldehyde product. Nickel(II) ions in the lattice layered hydroxides played as active sites for the selective liquid oxidation of styrene.…”

Catalytic oxidation of styrene over Cu-doped hydrotalcites

“…Following this trend; we are in an endeavor to design an efficient catalyst based on hydrotalcites for the liquid oxidation of styrene. It is well known that hydrotalcite-like compounds are a two-dimensional material and sometimes show good ability to the oxidation reactions [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. In essence, isomorphous substitution of transition metal ions in a brucite-like lattice leads to the appearance of oxidation-reduction centers in the sheets which may acts as active sites for the catalytic oxidation reaction [16,[25][26][27][28].…”