EPL models with fuzzy imperfect production system including carbon emission: a fuzzy differential equation approach

Optimal lot-sizing policy for a failure prone production system with investment in process quality improvement and lead time variance reduction

“…In the above-mentioned literature, the machine shifting time from an in-control to an out-of-control state was assumed to be either a known random variable or an arbitrary random variable. De et al [5] considered fuzziness in machine shifting time to investigate a production-inventory model.…”