Epizootic Outbreaks of Gizzard Erosion Associated with Adenovirus Infection in Chickens

Ono, Masaaki; Okuda, Yo; Yazawa, Shigeto; Shibata, Isao; Tanimura, Nobuhiko; Kimura, Kumiko; Haritani, Makoto; Mase, Masaji; Sato, Shizuo

doi:10.2307/1593040

Cited by 61 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Gizzard erosion associated with FAV in layer chickens, broiler chickens, and quails has been reported [2,5,13,17]. It has been reported that many outbreaks of gizzard erosion associated with FAV occurred frequently in Japanese slaughterhouses and most of FAV isolated from eroded gizzard were of serotype 1 [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Serotype 8 Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosions of Slaughtered Broiler Chickens

Okuda

Ono

Shibata

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The pathogenicity of serotype 8 fowl adenovirus (FAV), isolated from gizzard erosions of slaughtered broiler chickens, was investigated. In experiment 1, 29 5-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were inoculated with the isolates of serotype 8 FAV, M013 (group 1) or G0054 (group 2) strain, via an oral route. There were no clinical signs in any of chickens after inoculation, and mild gizzard erosions were observed macroscopically and microscopically in three inoculated chickens of group 2. FAV was recovered f rom gizzards and rectums but was not recovered from pancreas and livers from chickens in both inoculated groups. In experiment 2, 27 1-day-old SPF chickens were inoculated with the G0054 strain by intramuscular route. Five, 6, and 3 inoculated chickens died on days 3, 4, and 5 postinoculation (PI), respectively. Four, 3, 1, and 1 inoculated chickens became moribund with severe clinical sign s such as ruffled feathers, severe depression and closed eyes from days 3 to 6 PI, respectively. Macroscopically, the common characterist ic of the gross lesions of dead chickens and euthanized moribund chickens was discoloration of liver. FAV was recovered from the gizzard, liver, pancreas and rectum. Virus titers in the liver and pancreas were high until day 6 PI. Histologically, necrotizing hepatitis an d pancreatitis with intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in the inoculated chickens. These results indicate that some strains of seroty pe 8 FAV are able to reproduce not only gizzard erosion by oral inoculation but inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) by intramuscular inoculation. KEY WORDS: gizzard erosion, inclusion body hepatitis, serotype 8 fowl adenovirus.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 66(12): 1561-1566, 2004 The pathogenicity of serotype 8 fowl adenoviruis (FAV) has been reported in field cases of inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) in chickens [7] as well as in experimental reproduction of IBH in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens [6]. Recently, serotype 8 FAV was isolated from gizzards exhibiting gizzard erosion in slaughterhouses [14]. In pervious reports, however, gizzard erosion was reproduced in SPF white leghorn chickens [9,11] and commercial broiler chickens [12] inoculated with serotype 1 FAV isolated from the gizzards of commercial broiler chickens exhibiting gizzard erosion. Moreover, most cases of gizzard erosion that have occurred frequently in slaughterhouses in Japan were caused by serotype 1 FAV infection [14]. Therefore, it was not clear whether or not serotype 8 FAV was the cause of gizzard erosion.The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathogenicity of serotype 8 FAV isolated from eroded gizzard by inoculating SPF chickens with the isolates via oral and intramuscluar routes. MATERIALS AND METHODSVirus: Two isolates of FAV, isolated from gizzard erosions of slaughtered broiler chickens, were cloned three times by means of the terminal dilution method and designated as the M013 and G0054 strains. These strains were propagated in primary chicken kidney (CK) cells and used for chicke...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Serotype 8 Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosions of Slaughtered Broiler Chickens

Okuda

Ono

Shibata

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…A condition designated ''gizzard erosions'' and/or ''gizzard ulceration'' (GEU) has been reported in commercial broiler chickens in connection with avian adenovirus infection (Ono et al ., 2001(Ono et al ., , 2003a, mycotoxin-contaminated feed (Hedman et al ., 1995;Hoerr, 2003), vitamin B 6 deficiency (Daghir & Haddad, 1981), suboptimal levels of vitamin E (Janssen & Germs, 1973), inadequate levels of sulphur-containing dietary amino acids (Miller et al ., 1975), high levels of dietary copper (Poupoulis & Jensen, 1976), pelleted feed (Ross, 1979), as well as inclusion of certain fish meals in the diets and the consequent presence of histamine and gizzerosine (Harry & Tucker, 1976;Okazaki et al ., 1983;Sugahara et al , 1988;Sharma & Pandey, 1990;Tisljar et al , 2002). The koilin layer of gizzards from affected birds is fissured, thickened, spongy and discoloured (Fossum et al ., 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between gizzard lesions and increased caecalClostridium perfringenscounts in broiler chickens

Novoa-Garrido¹,

Larsen

Kaldhusdal

2006

Avian Pathology

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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mucosal gizzard lesions and caecal Clostridium perfringens counts. Gross pathological changes in the gizzard and small intestine, and caecal C. perfringens counts from 1217 meat-type chickens were recorded during the course of six experiments and were statistically analysed. C. perfringens counts increased significantly (PB/0.001) with the severity of mucosal gizzard lesions. Mucosal gizzard lesions were more prevalent than necrotic enteritis. Correcting for the pen and necrotic enteritis within experiment, mucosal gizzard lesions explained 31.8% of the variation in C. perfringens counts. Mucosal gizzard lesions and age together explained 59.1% of the variation in C. perfringens counts. The mean ages of birds with moderate and severe mucosal gizzard lesions were 1.7 and 0.8 days lower than the mean age of birds with necrotic enteritis, respectively. The association between mucosal gizzard lesions and high C. perfringens counts might be of importance when attempting to improve production efficiency, health and the welfare of the chickens.

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“…Clinical presentation can be observed in the form of inclusion body hepatitis, respiratory tract disease, hydropericardium syndrome and gizzard erosion (Ono et al 2001;Gomis et al 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

An unusual outbreak of inclusion body hepatitis on a broiler chicken farm: a case report

Révajová¹,

Herich²,

Seman³

et al. 2017

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:This study investigated an outbreak of inclusion body hepatitis in ROSS 308 hybrid broiler type chickens between 19 and 25 days of fattening. For this purpose, clinical observation, ELISA fowl adenovirus and chicken anaemia virus antibody detection in serum at 21 and 42 days, mortality evaluation, epidemiological analysis, histology and genetic identification were performed. The six flocks of the farm consisted of 90,000 chickens. Only one flock of 15,000 chickens was affected on this farm. At 19 days of age, ill chickens showed clinical signs of depression, anorexia, somnolence, ruffled feathers, anaemic comb and wattles and occasionally nervous signs. Based on ELISA titres, the antibody response to fowl adenovirus increased greatly from 21 to 42 days. The antibody response to vaccination against infectious bursal disease virus and chicken anaemia virus was at the expected level in all broiler flocks. Necropsy showed diffuse petechial and ecchymotic haemorrhages in skeletal muscles, liver, pancreas, kidney, together with hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and catarrhal enteritis. Histologically, fatty liver degeneration, multifocal liver necrosis and intranuclear inclusions in hepatocytes, as well as focal necrosis in pancreas and spleen parenchyma were seen. The DNA of AAV-1 (avian adenovirus group 1) was detected using the PCR method in paraffin-embedded liver samples. The results revealed no association of inclusion body hepatitis with infectious bursal disease virus or chicken anaemia virus infection, and suggested primary disease. However, the involvement of only one chicken flock on the farm remains unexplained.

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Epizootic Outbreaks of Gizzard Erosion Associated with Adenovirus Infection in Chickens

Cited by 61 publications

References 14 publications

Pathogenicity of Serotype 8 Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosions of Slaughtered Broiler Chickens

Pathogenicity of Serotype 8 Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosions of Slaughtered Broiler Chickens

Association between gizzard lesions and increased caecalClostridium perfringenscounts in broiler chickens

An unusual outbreak of inclusion body hepatitis on a broiler chicken farm: a case report

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