Epizootic of Tularemia in an Outdoor Housed Group of Cynomolgus Monkeys                   (<i>Macaca fascicularis</i>)

Mätz‐Rensing, Kerstin; Floto, A.; Schrod, Annette; Becker, Tamara; Finke, Ernst-Jürgen; Seibold, Erik; Splettstoesser, Wolf D.; Kaup, Franz‐Josef

doi:10.1354/vp.44-3-327

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Seroconversion from a negative to a positive rapid test result was also confirmed in five monkeys after they were naturally exposed to F. tularensis between 2003 and 2005 (18). Similar results were obtained from three rabbits and two pigs, which had been immunized with either F. tularensis subsp.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…In addition, 44 sera obtained from two different nonhuman primate species (Macaca mulatta and M. fascicularis) recently exposed to F. tularensis subsp. holarctica (18) were analyzed. We also tested preand postimmunization sera (n ϭ 8) from four pigs that were vaccinated with inactivated bacterial cells from F. tularensis subsp.…”

Section: Sera Used For Test Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In veterinary medicine, serology is used mainly for tularemia surveillance in rodents, hares, or surrogate animals such as boars or predators, including wolves or bears (1,26,34). Tularemia outbreaks in zoos or animal facilities cause additional necessities for a multispecies assay, which could be applied as a point-of-care assay (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Test for Rapid and Reliable Serodiagnosis of Human Tularemia and Detection ofFrancisella tularensis-Specific Antibodies in Sera from Different Mammalian Species

et al. 2010

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Tularemia is a highly contagious infectious zoonosis caused by the bacterial agent Francisella tularensis.Serology is still considered to be a cornerstone in tularemia diagnosis due to the low sensitivity of bacterial culture and the lack of standardization in PCR methodology for the direct identification of the pathogen. We developed a novel immunochromatographic test (ICT) to efficiently detect F. tularensis-specific antibodies in sera from humans and other mammalian species (nonhuman primate, pig, and rabbit). This new tool requires none or minimal laboratory equipment, and the results are obtained within 15 min. When compared to the method of microagglutination, which was shown to be more specific than the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the ICT had a sensitivity of 98.3% (58 positive sera were tested) and a specificity of 96.5% (58 negative sera were tested) on human sera. On animal sera, the overall sensitivity was 100% (22 positive sera were tested) and specificity was also 100% (70 negative sera were tested). This rapid test preferentially detects IgG antibodies that may occur early in the course of human tularemia, but further evaluation with human sera is important to prove that the ICT can be a valuable field test to support a presumptive diagnosis of tularemia. The ICT can also be a useful tool to monitor successful vaccination with subunit vaccines or live vaccine strains containing lipopolysaccharide (e.g., LVS) and to detect seropositive individuals or animals in outbreak situations or in the context of epidemiologic surveillance programs in areas of endemicity as recently recommended by the World Health Organization.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Sera Used For Test Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Test for Rapid and Reliable Serodiagnosis of Human Tularemia and Detection ofFrancisella tularensis-Specific Antibodies in Sera from Different Mammalian Species

et al. 2010

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“…Tularemia is serious and often fatal. Outbreaks of naturally acquired tularemia have also been described in nonhuman primates, including macaques (Matz-Rensing et al 2007). Rhesus macaques exposed to aerosol particles of F. tularensis develop the fullblown pneumonic form of tularemia, which is often fatal (Schricker et al 1972).…”

Section: Tularemia (Francisella Tularensis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Macaque Models of Human Infectious Disease

Gardner¹,

Luciw²

2008

ILAR Journal

170

133

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Macaques have served as models for more than 70 human infectious diseases of diverse etiologies, including a multitude of agents-bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, prions. The remarkable diversity of human infectious diseases that have been modeled in the macaque includes global, childhood, and tropical diseases as well as newly emergent, sexually transmitted, oncogenic, degenerative neurologic, potential bioterrorism, and miscellaneous other diseases. Historically, macaques played a major role in establishing the etiology of yellow fever, polio, and prion diseases. With rare exceptions (Chagas disease, bartonellosis), all of the infectious diseases in this review are of Old World origin. Perhaps most surprising is the large number of tropical (16), newly emergent (7), and bioterrorism diseases (9) that have been modeled in macaques. Many of these human diseases (e.g., AIDS, hepatitis E, bartonellosis) are a consequence of zoonotic infection. However, infectious agents of certain diseases, including measles and tuberculosis, can sometimes go both ways, and thus several human pathogens are threats to nonhuman primates including macaques. Through experimental studies in macaques, researchers have gained insight into pathogenic mechanisms and novel treatment and vaccine approaches for many human infectious diseases, most notably acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Other infectious agents for which macaques have been a uniquely valuable resource for biomedical research, and particularly vaccinology, include influenza virus, paramyxoviruses, flaviviruses, arenaviruses, hepatitis E virus, papillomavirus, smallpox virus, Mycobacteria, Bacillus anthracis, Helicobacter pylori, Yersinia pestis, and Plasmodium species. This review summarizes the extensive past and present research on macaque models of human infectious disease.

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“…Outbreaks of the disease in NHPs are fairly uncommon. 11,27 This case was one of a cluster of cases of tularemia diagnosed at the California National Primate Research Center in animals housed in the outdoor corn cribs in the fall of 2010. 11 Seven cases in total came to pathology, while several other animals were successfully treated.…”

Section: Etiology Francisella Tularensis Confirmed By Pcr and Immunomentioning

confidence: 99%

Meeting Report

et al. 2013

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A workshop on Emerging Respiratory Viral Infections and Spontaneous Diseases in nonhuman primates was sponsored by the concurrent Annual Meetings of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists and the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology, held December 1-5, 2012, in Seattle, Washington. The session had platform presentations from Drs Karen Terio, Thijs Kuiken, Guy Boivin, and Robert Palermo that focused on naturally occurring influenza, human respiratory syncytial virus, and metapneumovirus in wild and zoo-housed great apes; the molecular biology and pathology of these viral respiratory diseases in nonhuman primate (NHP) models; and the therapeutic and vaccine approaches to prevention and control of these emerging respiratory viral infections. These formal presentations were followed by presentations of 14 unique case studies of rare or newly observed spontaneous lesions in NHPs (see online files for access to digital whole-slide images corresponding to each case report at http://scanscope.com/ACVP%20Slide%20-Seminars/2012/Primate%20Pathology/view.apml). The session was attended by meeting participants that included students, pathology trainees, and experienced pathologists from academia and industry with an interest in respiratory and spontaneous diseases of NHPs.

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Epizootic of Tularemia in an Outdoor Housed Group of Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Cited by 36 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Test for Rapid and Reliable Serodiagnosis of Human Tularemia and Detection ofFrancisella tularensis-Specific Antibodies in Sera from Different Mammalian Species

Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Test for Rapid and Reliable Serodiagnosis of Human Tularemia and Detection ofFrancisella tularensis-Specific Antibodies in Sera from Different Mammalian Species

Macaque Models of Human Infectious Disease

Meeting Report

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