Epitopes specificity of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase in patients with Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and overlap-syndrome

Еспенбетова, М Ж; Кузьмина, Н. С.; Зубков, А. В.; Ахметова, В. В.; Zamanbekova, Zhanar; Крыкпаева, А С; Zhumanbayeva, Zhanar; Amrenova, K; Smailova, Zhanargul; Glushkova, Natalya

doi:10.1016/j.jcte.2022.100293

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There is a characteristic production of autoantibodies targeting thyroid-specific proteins. Anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies are commonly detected in the serum of individuals with HT, serving as diagnostic markers for the condition [ 8 ]. These antibodies contribute to the immune-mediated destruction of thyroid tissue, leading to the characteristic histological features observed in HT.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Antibodies to Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic Challenges in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Kolanu,

Awan,

Butt

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) poses diagnostic challenges due to its diverse clinical presentation and the intricacies of autoimmune thyroid diseases. This comprehensive narrative review explores the evolving landscape of diagnostic challenges in HT, aiming to provide a thorough understanding of the complexities involved in its diagnosis. The diagnostic criteria for HT involve a multifaceted approach, including clinical features, laboratory findings, and imaging studies. Serum antibodies against thyroid antigens, primarily thyroperoxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin, play a crucial role in confirming the autoimmune nature of the disease. However, seronegative HT adds complexity by presenting without detectable antibodies. The significance of addressing diagnostic challenges lies in potential delays and misdiagnoses, emphasizing the need for accurate and timely intervention. The review explores future directions, emphasizing molecular and cellular aspects, genetic factors, and the emerging field of thyroid regeneration. Standardized diagnostic criteria are essential, considering the subjective nature of the current process. The heterogeneity of disease manifestations complicates targeted treatments, necessitating a deeper understanding of clinical presentations and underlying pathophysiology. Future research directions and challenges outlined in this review contribute to advancing our understanding and improving diagnostic precision in HT.

show abstract

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Antibodies to Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic Challenges in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Kolanu,

Awan,

Butt

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…TPOAbs can also react against conformational or linear epitopes, and the polyclonal Abs present both in healthy individuals and those with AITD are directed against the same epitopes, taking into account that TPOAbs from healthy individuals do not block TPO action, while those identified in AITD patients can fix complement, produce lysis of thyrocytes, and competitively inhibit enzymatic activity [ 60 ].…”

Section: Major Thyroid Absmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Usefulness of Thyroid Antibodies in the Diagnostic Approach to Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) refers to a spectrum of various diseases, with two extremes of clinical presentation, hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and hyperthyroidism (Graves–Basedow disease (GBD)). Both conditions are characterized by presenting a cellular and humoral autoimmune reaction, with an increase in the synthesis and secretion of antibodies directed toward various thyroid antigens, together with a phenomenon of thyrocyte necrosis and apoptosis (in HT) and a persistent thyrotropin-receptor stimulation (in GBD). The diagnosis of both entities is based on clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings. Three major anti-thyroid antibodies have been described, those directed against the TSH receptor (TRAb), against thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb), and against thyroglobulin (TgAb). Each of these autoantibodies plays a fundamental role in the diagnostic approach of autoimmune thyroid disease. TRAbs are the hallmark of GBD, and additionally, they are predictors of response to disease treatment, among other utilities. Likewise, TPOAb and TgAb allow for identifying individuals with a higher risk of progression to hypothyroidism; the positivity of one or both autoantibodies defines the presence of thyroid autoimmunity. In this review, the usefulness of anti-thyroid antibodies in the diagnostic approach to autoimmune thyroid disease is described.

show abstract

“…In those cases, they seem to represent a secondary response to thyroid injury and are not thought to cause disease themselves [8,9]. Nevertheless, these antibodies are also frequently found in patients with GD (50-90%) and less often in healthy individuals, creating a discrepancy between different experts' opinions and raising doubts about their pathological role in these diseases [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies Serum Levels in Graves' Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Lopes¹,

Bello²,

Cidade³

et al. 2023

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder caused by the presence of antibodies to the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TRAbs), usually presenting with clinical signs of hyperthyroidism. Previous evidence suggests that higher serum levels of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs) may lead to more sustained remission of hyperthyroidism after treatment with antithyroid drugs (AT). However, doubts about the influence of TPOAbs in Graves' disease outcomes still remain. Methods A retrospective, unicenter cohort study was performed. All patients with GD (TRAbs > 1.58U/L), biochemical primary hyperthyroidism (TSH < 0.4 µUI/mL), and TPOAbs measurement at diagnosis, treated with AT between January 2008 and January 2021, were included for analysis. Results One hundred and forty-two patients (113 women) with a mean age of 52 ± 15 years old were included. They were followed up for 65.4 ± 43.8 months. TPOAbs positivity was present in 71.10% (n=101) of those patients. Patients were treated with AT for a median of 18 (IQR (12; 24)) months. Remission occurred in 47.2% of patients. Patients with remission presented with lower TRAbs and free thyroxine (FT4) levels at the diagnosis. (p-value <0.001, p-value 0.003, respectively). No association was found in the median TPOAbs serum levels of patients who remitted and those who maintained biochemical hyperthyroidism after the first course of AT. Relapse of hyperthyroidism occurred in 54 patients (57.4%). No difference was found in TPOAbs serum levels regarding the patient's relapse. Moreover, a time-based analysis revealed no differences in the relapse rate after 18 months of AT therapy between patients with and without TPOAbs positivity at the diagnosis (p-value 0.176). It was found a weak positive correlation (r=0.295; p-value <0.05) between TRAbs and TPOAbs titters at the moment of Graves' diagnosis. Conclusion In this study, a correlation between TRAbs measurements and TPOAbs titter was described, although no significant association was found between the presence of TPOAbs and the outcomes of patients with GD treated with AT. These results do not support the use of TPOAbs as a useful biomarker to predict remission or relapse of hyperthyroidism in GD patients.

show abstract

Epitopes specificity of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase in patients with Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and overlap-syndrome

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

From Antibodies to Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic Challenges in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

From Antibodies to Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic Challenges in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

The Usefulness of Thyroid Antibodies in the Diagnostic Approach to Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Influence of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies Serum Levels in Graves' Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About