Epitope variation in the Newcastle disease virus HN gene under antibody immune selective pressure in cell culture

Gong, Yi; Cui, Zhizhong

doi:10.1007/s11427-011-4161-2

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Estimates of evolutionary distance showed that the number of amino acid substitutions per site between sequences is higher for HN compared to F protein (Table 1). This is consistent with the notion that HN protein is highly under immunological pressure and changes more rapidly (Gong and Cui 2011;Gu et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Immunoinformatics analysis and antibody epitope comparison of Newcastle disease virus classical vaccines with a virus involved in the fifth NDV panzootic

Tabatabaeizadeh¹

2021

Preprint

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Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has negatively affected the poultry industry worldwide. Given that the antigenic similarity of a vaccine strain to a field virus is effective in protection, an immunoinformatics study was performed to examine the similarity between antibody epitopes of classical vaccines and a sub-genotype VII.2 NDV (VII.2 NDV). Considering the role of fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) proteins in the induction of neutralizing antibodies, the 3D structure of HN and F proteins of the VII.2 NDV and nine vaccine strains were predicted, refined, and validated. Using these structures, linear and conformational antibody epitopes were mapped. Epitope analysis showed distinct results from the evolutionary distance and protein identity analysis and it was found that the range of difference in the number of identical epitopes in relation to F is wider than HN protein. LaSota and B1 vaccine strains showed the least epitope identity to the VII.2 NDV. The V4 and I-2 vaccine strains showed the highest epitope identity with the VII.2 NDV especially in F protein which is important in virus cell-to-cell transmission. In conclusion, excellence of the LaSota vaccine under field condition shows that protection is not just about epitope similarities and especially in the case of live vaccines, the vaccine-induced damage, replicative capacity and tropism of the vaccine strain are important. The prediction of this study may be useful for inactivated vaccines in which the amount of antigen is all that matters.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Immunoinformatics analysis and antibody epitope comparison of Newcastle disease virus classical vaccines with a virus involved in the fifth NDV panzootic

Tabatabaeizadeh¹

2021

Preprint

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“…The HN gene is more affected by the immune selection pressure than other NDV genes and results in the production of antiviral antibodies. Compared to other NDV genes under the same immune pressure, nucleotide mutations in Bashar HN are more likely to occur (Gong & Cui, 2011 ). Increasing the phylogenetic and antigenic distance between common vaccine strains and existing strains may lead to the formation of new pathogenic strains of NDV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular evaluation and genetic characterisation of Newcastle disease virus's haemagglutinin‐neuraminidase protein isolated from broiler chickens in Iran

Shafaati

Ghorbani

Mahmodi

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background: Newcastle disease (ND) virus (NDV) is one of the major pathogens in poultry farms that causes severe economic damages to the poultry industry, especially broiler chicken and turkey farms. Despite the endemicity of ND and its many epidemics in the country, the nature of the Iranian strain of the Newcastle virus is still largely unknown. This study aimed to characterise and evaluate NDV isolates obtained from commercial poultry farms in Iran in 2019 through haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene sequencing.Method: HN gene of each NDV isolate was amplified and sequenced using specific primers followed by phylogenetic analysis of full length of HN gene open reading frame and amino acid (aa) sequence of HN.Results: Phylogenetic analysis of the HN gene showed that the virus is very closely related to genotypes VII and III. Analysis of HN gene nucleotide sequences showed that all isolates encode proteins with a length of 571 aa. Conclusion:Results of the present study are useful for a better understanding of molecular epidemiology of indigenous NDV strains and determining important molecular differences between fields and commonly used vaccine strains related to main immunogenic proteins.

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“…In addition to natural genetic evolution, antibodies in poultry flocks immunized with NDV vaccines exert high immune pressure on virus survival [ 15 ], especially in countries where extensive and frequent ND vaccination is performed. Studies have verified that mutations in the two surface glycoproteins, F and HN, contribute to viral escape from antibody immunity [ 16 , 17 ]. Second, the change in the host range is also an important outcome of virus evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current situation and future direction of Newcastle disease vaccines

Deng

et al. 2022

Vet Res

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Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most economically devastating infectious diseases affecting the poultry industry. Virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can cause high mortality and severe tissue lesions in the respiratory, gastrointestinal, neurological, reproductive and immune systems of poultry. Tremendous progress has been made in preventing morbidity and mortality caused by ND based on strict biosecurity and wide vaccine application. In recent decades, the continual evolution of NDV has resulted in a total of twenty genotypes, and genetic variation may be associated with disease outbreaks in vaccinated chickens. In some countries, the administration of genotype-matched novel vaccines in poultry successfully suppresses the circulation of virulent NDV strains in the field. However, virulent NDV is still endemic in many regions of the world, especially in low- and middle-income countries, impacting the livelihood of millions of people dependent on poultry for food. In ND-endemic countries, although vaccination is implemented for disease control, the lack of genotype-matched vaccines that can reduce virus infection and transmission as well as the inadequate administration of vaccines in the field undermines the effectiveness of vaccination. Dissection of the profiles of existing ND vaccines is fundamental for establishing proper vaccination regimes and developing next-generation vaccines. Therefore, in this article, we provide a broad review of commercial and experimental ND vaccines and promising new platforms for the development of next-generation vaccines.

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Epitope variation in the Newcastle disease virus HN gene under antibody immune selective pressure in cell culture

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Immunoinformatics analysis and antibody epitope comparison of Newcastle disease virus classical vaccines with a virus involved in the fifth NDV panzootic

Immunoinformatics analysis and antibody epitope comparison of Newcastle disease virus classical vaccines with a virus involved in the fifth NDV panzootic

Molecular evaluation and genetic characterisation of Newcastle disease virus's haemagglutinin‐neuraminidase protein isolated from broiler chickens in Iran

Current situation and future direction of Newcastle disease vaccines

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