Epitope Prediction by Novel Immunoinformatics Approach: A State-of-the-art Review

Raoufi, Ehsan; Hemmati, Maryam; Eftekhari, Sanaz; Khaksaran, Kamal; Mahmodi, Zahra; Farajollahi, Mohammad M; Mohsenzadegan, Monireh

doi:10.1007/s10989-019-09918-z

Cited by 75 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The epitope-based vaccine is a type of subunit vaccine which utilizes small molecular weight peptides known as epitope that do not cause any infection and not prone to any mutation. It is both timesaving and cost-effective to construct a vaccine by this approach that can generate strong immunogenic responses [ 41 , 42 ]. Prediction of epitope-based vaccines using computational tools have been successfully reported against the Chikungunya virus, Zika virus, Ebola virus, Herpes simplex virus, Yellow fever virus, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunoinformatics study on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 revealing potential epitopes as vaccine candidates

Ashik

Hasan

Tasnim

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Background The pandemic situation of SARS-CoV-2 infection has sparked global concern due to the disease COVID-19 caused by it. Since the first cluster of confirmed cases in China in December 2019, the infection has been reported across the continents and inflicted upon a substantial number of populations. Method This study is focused on immunoinformatics analyses of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S protein) which is key for the viral attachment to human host cells. Computational analyses were carried out for the prediction of B-cell and T-cell (MHC class I and II) epitopes of S protein and the analyses were extended further for the prediction of their immunogenic properties. The interaction and binding affinity of T-cell epitopes with HLA-B7 were also investigated by molecular docking. Result Three distinct epitopes for vaccine design were predicted from the sequence of S protein. The potential B-cell epitope was KNHTSPDVDLG possessing the highest antigenicity score of 1.4039 among other B-cell epitopes. T-cell epitope for human MHC class I was VVVLSFELL with an antigenicity score of 1.0909 and binding ability to 29 MHC-I alleles. The predicted T-cell epitope for human MHC class II molecule was VVIGIVNNT with a corresponding 1.3063 antigenicity score, less digesting enzymes, and 7 MHC-II alleles binding ability. All these three peptides were predicted to be highly antigenic, non-allergenic, and non-toxic. Analyses of the physiochemical properties of these predicted epitopes indicate their stable nature for plausible vaccine design. Furthermore, molecular docking investigation between the MHC class-I epitopes and human HLA-B7 reflects the stable interaction with high affinity among them. Conclusion The present study posits three potential epitopes of S protein of SARS-CoV-2 predicted by immunoinformatic methods based on their immunogenic properties and interactions with the host counterpart that can facilitate the development of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. This study can act as the springboard for the future development of the COVID-19 vaccine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunoinformatics study on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 revealing potential epitopes as vaccine candidates

Ashik

Hasan

Tasnim

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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“…In silico study requires to evaluate the sequences of amino acid from a pathogen and to find out the specific motif. It should have a high binding affinity, particularly to MHC molecules ( 24 , 25 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoinformatics Approach for the Identification and Characterization of T Cell and B Cell Epitopes towards the Peptide-Based Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2

Chakraborty

Sharma

Bhattacharya

et al. 2021

Archives of Medical Research

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“…Prediction of the protein sequences that are likely to elicit antibody production and/or bind class I MHC proteins was performed through two tools that are commonly employed for the epitope prediction [ 27 ], namely IEDB ( ) and NetMHC ( ), respectively for B- and class I MHC epitopes prediction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last decade, these computational approaches lead to the achievement of successful epitopes prediction in several research fields as virology [ 25 , 26 ], bacteriology and cancer research [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoinformatic-Based Prediction of Candidate Epitopes for the Diagnosis and Control of Paratuberculosis (Johne’s Disease)

et al. 2020

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Paratuberculosis is an infectious disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). MAP is an intracellular pathogen with a possible zoonotic potential since it has been successfully isolated from the intestine and blood of Crohn’s disease patients.Since no cure is available, after the detection of the disease, animal culling is the sole applicable containment strategy. However, the difficult detection of the disease in its subclinical form, facilitates its spread raising the need for the development of effective diagnosis and vaccination strategies. The prompt identification and isolation of the infected animals in the subclinical stage would prevent the spread of the infection.In the present study, an immunoinformatic approach has been used to investigate the immunogenic properties of 10 MAP proteins. These proteins were chosen according to a previously published immunoproteomics approach. For each previously-described immunoreactive protein, we predicted the epitopes capable of eliciting an immune response by binding both B-cells and/or class I MHC antigens. The retrieved peptide sequences were analyzed for their specificity and cross-reactivity. The final aim is to employ the discovered peptides sequences as a filtered library useful for early-stage diagnosis and/or to be used in novel multi-subunit or recombinant vaccine formulations.

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Epitope Prediction by Novel Immunoinformatics Approach: A State-of-the-art Review

Cited by 75 publications

References 62 publications

An immunoinformatics study on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 revealing potential epitopes as vaccine candidates

An immunoinformatics study on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 revealing potential epitopes as vaccine candidates

Immunoinformatics Approach for the Identification and Characterization of T Cell and B Cell Epitopes towards the Peptide-Based Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2

Immunoinformatic-Based Prediction of Candidate Epitopes for the Diagnosis and Control of Paratuberculosis (Johne’s Disease)

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