Epithelial Organization of the Mammalian Lens

Zampighi, Guido A.; Eskandari, Sepehr; Kreman, Michael

doi:10.1006/exer.2000.0895

Cited by 110 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Moreover, the posterior and anterior sutures are formed by the convergence of the basal and apical plasma membranes of FCs from neighbouring lens sectors, respectively, which means that the suture lines are specific meeting points of membranes which most likely lack GJs and TJs [57]. This concurs with a recent suggestion [53,59] that the sutures are in some way involved specifically in solute entry. …”

Section: Gap-junctional Transportsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…As also indicated by Zampighi et al [53] in their 'simple folded epithelium model', the original polarity of the ECs of the embryonic lens vesicle is maintained throughout life (figure 4). The lateral membranes elongate by appositional growth at their basal (posterior) and apical (anterior) regions and GJs are largely confined to these membranes.…”

Section: Gap-junctional Transportsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…They are, however, absent from the EFI where the apical membranes of the undifferentiated LECs and apical membranes of lens FCs contact each other (figure 7b,c). The GJs between the anterior lateral plasma membranes of the growing FCs are large and numerous (figure 3b), as observed by others [53]. This contrasts with the relatively few and small GJs observed between neighbouring undifferentiated LECs (figure 3a).…”

Section: Gap-junctional Transportmentioning

confidence: 47%

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Homeostasis in the vertebrate lens: mechanisms of solute exchange

Dahm

Marle

Quinlan

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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The eye lens is avascular, deriving nutrients from the aqueous and vitreous humours. It is, however, unclear which mechanisms mediate the transfer of solutes between these humours and the lens' fibre cells (FCs). In this review, we integrate the published data with the previously unpublished ultrastructural, dye loading and magnetic resonance imaging results. The picture emerging is that solute transfer between the humours and the fibre mass is determined by four processes: (i) paracellular transport of ions, water and small molecules along the intercellular spaces between epithelial and FCs, driven by Na þ -leak conductance; (ii) membrane transport of such solutes from the intercellular spaces into the fibre cytoplasm by specific carriers and transporters; (iii) gap-junctional coupling mediating solute flux between superficial and deeper fibres, Na þ /K þ -ATPase-driven efflux of waste products in the equator, and electrical coupling of fibres; and (iv) transcellular transfer via caveoli and coated vesicles for the uptake of macromolecules and cholesterol. There is evidence that the Na þ -driven influx of solutes occurs via paracellular and membrane transport and the Na þ /K þ -ATPase-driven efflux of waste products via gap junctions. This micro-circulation is likely restricted to the superficial cortex and nearly absent beyond the zone of organelle loss, forming a solute exchange barrier in the lens.

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Section: Gap-junctional Transportsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Gap-junctional Transportsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Gap-junctional Transportmentioning

confidence: 47%

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Homeostasis in the vertebrate lens: mechanisms of solute exchange

Dahm

Marle

Quinlan

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…The lens is an avascular tissue composed of concentric layers of epithelial cells at various stages of differentiation (Zampighi et al, 2000). An epithelial cell monolayer extends from the anterior pole of the lens to its equatorial surface with the basement membrane forming a capsule.…”

Section: Lensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of its low water permeability it has been proposed that AQP0 might be involved in regulating the resistance of the paracellular pathway, rather than in cell membrane water permeability (Nemeth-Cahalan and Hall, 2000;Zampighi et al, 2000). It has also been proposed that AQP0 acts as a scaffold for organizing gamma-crystallins in lens fibers (Fan et al, 2004).…”

Section: Aqp0 Mutations Cause Congenital Cataractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functions of aquaporins in the eye

Verkman

Ruiz-Ederra

Levin

2008

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

172

117

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The aquaporins (AQPs) are integral membrane proteins whose main function is to transport water across cell membranes in response to osmotic gradients. At the ocular surface, AQP1 is expressed in corneal endothelium, AQP3 and AQP5 in corneal epithelium, and AQP3 in conjunctival epithelium. AQPs are also expressed in lens fiber cells (AQP0), lens epithelium (AQP1), ciliary epithelium (AQP1, AQP4) and retinal Müller cells (AQP4). Mutations in AQP0 produce congenital cataracts in humans. Analysis of knockout mice lacking individual AQPs suggests their involvement in maintenance of corneal and lens transparency, corneal epithelial repair, intraocular pressure regulation, retinal signal transduction and retinal swelling following injury. The mouse phenotype findings implicate AQPs as potential drug targets for therapy of elevated intraocular pressure and ocular disorders involving the cornea, lens and retina. However, much research remains in defining cell-level mechanisms for the ocular AQP functions, in establishing the relevance to human eye disease of conclusions from knockout mice, and in developing AQPmodulating drugs.

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Contributions of Mouse Genetic Background and Age on Anterior Lens Capsule Thickness

Danysh

Czymmek

Olurin

et al. 2008

The Anatomical Record

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Accurate lens capsule thickness measurements are necessary for studies investigating mechanical characteristics of the capsule. Confocal Z-axis imaging was used to measure the anterior lens capsule thickness of living intact lenses with minimal tissue manipulation. Measurements of the anterior capsule thickness is reported for the first time in young and old mice from four inbred strains, BALB/c, FVB/N, C57BL/6, and 129X1, and the outbred strain ICR. Our data demonstrates that the mouse anterior lens capsule continues to grow postnatally similar to that described in other mammals. It is also shown there is a significant difference in anterior lens capsule thickness between unrelated mouse strains, suggesting that capsule thickness is a quantitative trait shared by strains with common ancestry. Measurements, taken from other regions of FVB/ N capsules revealed the anterior pole to be the thickest, followed by the equatorial region and posterior pole. In addition to mouse, anterior capsule measurements taken from intact cattle, rabbit, rat lenses, and human capsulotomy specimens correlated with the overall size of the animal.

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Epithelial Organization of the Mammalian Lens

Cited by 110 publications

References 52 publications

Homeostasis in the vertebrate lens: mechanisms of solute exchange

Homeostasis in the vertebrate lens: mechanisms of solute exchange

Functions of aquaporins in the eye

Contributions of Mouse Genetic Background and Age on Anterior Lens Capsule Thickness

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