Epithelial Migration on the External Ear Canal Wall in Normal and Pathologic Ears

Govindaraju, Revadi; Prepageran, Narayanan; Raman, Rajagopalan; Sharizal, Tengku Ahmad

doi:10.1097/mao.0b013e31820d97e2

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Study instruments used in this study were basic demographic data sheet, operating microscope, micrometer, oto-endoscopes, calligraphy inks, malleable wire/measuring ruler, and metal probe (12,13).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Epithelial Migration in the Tympanic Membrane and Bony External Auditory Canal Wall in Patients With Irradiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Kalimuthu¹,

Prepageran²,

Tang³

et al. 2015

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Epithelial Migration in the Tympanic Membrane and Bony External Auditory Canal Wall in Patients With Irradiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Kalimuthu¹,

Prepageran²,

Tang³

et al. 2015

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

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“…The decreased migration of epithelial cells combined with increased cell death indicated by the present study (Table 2) may contribute to the accumulation of material and expansion of the tumor. The special self-cleaning properties of the tympanic membrane and ear canal depend on efficient lateral migration and controlled desquamation, and disturbances in the desquamation of the ear canal skin have previously been shown to halt migration [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Proteomics Differentiates Cholesteatoma from Surrounding Tissues and Identifies Novel Proteins Related to the Pathogenesis

et al. 2014

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Cholesteatoma is the growth of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear. It is associated with severe complications and has a poorly understood etiopathogenesis. Here, we present the results from extensive bioinformatics analyses of the first large-scale proteomic investigation of cholesteatoma. The purpose of this study was to take an unbiased approach to identifying alterations in protein expression and in biological processes, in order to explain the characteristic phenotype of this skin-derived tumor. Five different human tissue types (cholesteatoma, neck of cholesteatoma, tympanic membrane, external auditory canal skin, and middle ear mucosa) were analyzed. More than 2,400 unique proteins were identified using nanoLC-MS/MS based proteomics (data deposited to the ProteomeXchange), and 295 proteins were found to be differentially regulated in cholesteatoma. Validation analyses were performed by SRM mass spectrometry. Proteins found to be up- or down-regulated in cholesteatoma were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and clustered into functional groups, for which activation state and associations to disease processes were predicted. Cholesteatoma contained high levels of pro-inflammatory S100 proteins, such as S100A7A and S100A7. Several proteases, such as ELANE, were up-regulated, whereas extracellular matrix proteins, such as COL18A1 and NID2, were under-represented. This may lead to alterations in integrity and differentiation of the tissue (as suggested by the up-regulation of KRT4 in the cholesteatoma). The presented data on the differential protein composition in cholesteatoma corroborate previous studies, highlight novel protein functionalities involved in the pathogenesis, and identify new areas for targeted research that hold therapeutic potential for the disease.

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“…The EAC is approximately 2.5‐3.0 cm 1 in length and leads from the outside of the head to the eardrum. The EAC is located close to the brain, inner ear, and facial nerve and is lined by stratified squamous epithelium that is unique in its ability to migrate outward 2 . This migratory phenomenon has not been observed in the stratified squamous epithelium of other organs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly expressed tumoral emmprin and stromal CD73 predict a poor prognosis for external auditory canal carcinoma

et al. 2020

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Squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal (SCC‐EAC) is rare and has a poor prognosis. The SCC‐EAC cases with high‐grade tumor budding (TB) or poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs) are associated with shorter survival than those with low‐grade TB or PDCs. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (emmprin) is a protein expressed in tumor cells that stimulates the production of MMP‐2 by stromal fibroblasts to facilitate tumor invasion. Recently, we reported that emmprin forms a complex with CD73 to regulate MMP‐2 production from fibroblasts in vitro. Here, we examined the association of emmprin and CD73 expression with TB or PDCs as well as with survival in 34 biopsy specimens of SCC‐EAC patients. High tumoral emmprin expression was associated with highgrade TB, whereas high stromal CD73 expression was associated with high‐grade PDCs. Furthermore, concurrent elevated expression of tumoral emmprin and stromal CD73 was determined to be an independent poor prognostic factor. In immunoprecipitation analyses, complex formation between emmprin and CD73 was demonstrated in vitro. Production of MMP‐2 from fibroblasts was more abundant when cocultured with tumor cells than from fibroblasts cultured alone. Furthermore, MMP‐2 production was reduced by the transfection of CD73 siRNA in fibroblasts cocultured with tumor cells. The colocalization of emmprin and CD73 was enhanced in not only the peripheral cells of the tumor cell clusters that interact with fibroblasts but also in the cells of intratumor clusters. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the roles of emmprin, CD73, and MMP‐2 in tumor invasiveness.

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Epithelial Migration on the External Ear Canal Wall in Normal and Pathologic Ears

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Study of Epithelial Migration in the Tympanic Membrane and Bony External Auditory Canal Wall in Patients With Irradiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Study of Epithelial Migration in the Tympanic Membrane and Bony External Auditory Canal Wall in Patients With Irradiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Large-Scale Proteomics Differentiates Cholesteatoma from Surrounding Tissues and Identifies Novel Proteins Related to the Pathogenesis

Highly expressed tumoral emmprin and stromal CD73 predict a poor prognosis for external auditory canal carcinoma

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