Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) 2021

Manfioletti, Guidalberto; Fedele, Monica

doi:10.3390/ijms23105848

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) refers to a process of cellular reprogrammed ability wherein epithelial cells lose their adhesion to neighboring cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) [ 59 ], and then they develop mesenchymal characteristics required for invasion and migration at the same time [ 60 ]. It occurs when cancer cells become metastatic cells and is characterized by a crucial molecular and cytomorphological transition.…”

Section: Microbiome Influences Cancer Metastasis Through Epithelial-m...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Understanding of Microbiomes in Cancer Metastasis

Liu

Luo

Wen

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Cancer has been the first killer that threatens people’s lives and health. Despite recent improvements in cancer treatment, metastasis continues to be the main reason for death from cancer. The functions of microbiome in cancer metastasis have been studied recently, and it is proved that microbiome can influence tumor metastasis, as well as positive or negative responses to therapy. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of microorganisms affecting cancer metastasis, which include epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), immunity, fluid shear stress (FSS), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This review will not only give a further understanding of relationship between microbiome and cancer metastasis, but also provide a new perspective for the microbiome’s application in cancer metastasis prevention, early detection, and treatment.

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Section: Microbiome Influences Cancer Metastasis Through Epithelial-m...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Understanding of Microbiomes in Cancer Metastasis

Liu

Luo

Wen

et al. 2023

Cancers

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show abstract

“…It was observed under the microscope that after treatment with 25 µg/mL of OL alone there was no obvious morphological change, but after the addition of 10 ng/mL of TGF-β1, both the Tu686 and CAL-27 cells showed obvious changes of EMT. The connection between the epithelium was loose and the antennae were extended, showing characteristic changes of EMT [ 18 ]. Nevertheless, after the addition of OL following TGF-β1, the antennae of stromal like cells became shorter and the cell arrangement was closer than that of the cells treated with TGF-β1 alone (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleuropein inhibits invasion of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck through TGF-β1 signaling pathway

2022

BMC Cancer

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Background Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is globally the sixth most common cancer. TGF-β1 is a key regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation, and it induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by activating Smad2 signaling in SCCHN cells. Previous studies have revealed that oleuropein (OL) can inhibit the EMT alterations and migration of cancer cells. The aim of this study was to examine the involvement of TGF-β1 signaling pathway in SCCHN and the effect of OL on it. Methods Through in vitro experiments at cellular level and in vivo evaluation in mouse xenograft tumor model, with morphological and Western blotting assays, we examined the effects of OL on TGF-β1-mediated signaling pathway in Tu686, CAL-27 and 686LN-M2 tumor cell lines. Results We found that OL reversed the TGF-β1-induced EMT, and changed the morphology of cells and the expression levels of epithelial and interstitial markers. Wound-healing and transwell invasion assays indicated that OL reversed the TGF-β1-promoted cell migration and invasion dramatically. The effects of OL were also verified in xenograft tumor model of mice, and the findings were identical to the in vitro assays. Conclusion This study demonstrated that OL inhibits the growth and metastasis of SCCHN by interfering with the TGF-β1 signaling pathway, and the findings are beneficial for the development of prevention and treatment strategy of SCCHN. Due to the low toxicity and less side effects, OL may be of potential value in the inhibition of metastasis of SCCHN and improve survival.

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“…Enrichment analysis revealed that HHLA2 was associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC. In the process of EMT, cells lose their epithelial characteristics, polarity, and cell–cell contact, gaining mesenchymal properties, such as increased motility, which is a crucial driver of cancer metastasis [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Various experiments showed that HHLA2 overexpression promotes EMT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression and Role of HHLA2, a Novel Immune Checkpoint, in Colorectal Cancer

Kula

Dawidowicz

Mielcarska

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The study aimed to investigate correlations between HHLA2 levels and parameters, including microsatellite instability (MSI) status, CD8+ cells, and histopathological features: budding, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), TNM scale, grading, cytokines, chemokines, and cell signaling moleculesin colorectal cancer (CRC). Furthermore, the immune infiltration landscape and HHLA2-related pathways in colorectal cancer using available online datasets were analyzed. The study included 167 patients diagnosed with CRC. Expression of HHLA2 was detected by immunohistochemistry method (IHC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IHC was used to evaluate the MSI and CD8+ status. The budding and TILs were measured using a light microscope. The concentrations of cytokines, chemokines, and cell signaling molecules were measured to analyze the data by the Bio-Plex Pro Human cytokine screening panel, 48 cytokine assay, and principal component analysis (PCA). Geneset enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to identify HHLA2-related pathways. The biological function of HHLA2 was predicted by Gene Ontology (GO). Analysis of the immune infiltration landscape of HHLA2 in colorectal cancer was made by the web-based tool Camoip. High HHLA2 expression was detected in CRC tumor tissues compared to the adjacent noncancerous tissues. The percentage of HHLA2-positive tumors was 97%. GSEA and GO showed that HHLA2 upregulation correlated with cancer-related pathways and several biological functions. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes score correlated positively with IHC HHLA2 expression level percentage. There was a negative correlation between HHLA2, anti-tumor cytokines and pro-tumor growth factors. This study provides a valuable insight into the role of HHLA2 in CRC. We reveal the role of HHLA2 expression as well as a stimulatory and inhibitory immune checkpoint in colorectal cancer. Further research may verify the therapeutic values of the HHLA2-KIR3DL3/TMIGD2 pathway in colorectal cancer.

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Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) 2021

Abstract: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a transdifferentiation process wherein epithelial cells acquire characteristics typical of mesenchymal cells [...]

Cited by 37 publications

References 16 publications

Current Understanding of Microbiomes in Cancer Metastasis

Current Understanding of Microbiomes in Cancer Metastasis

Oleuropein inhibits invasion of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck through TGF-β1 signaling pathway

Overexpression and Role of HHLA2, a Novel Immune Checkpoint, in Colorectal Cancer

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