Epithelial cysts of the spleen: A minireview

Abstract

Primary splenic epithelial cyst is an unusual event in everyday surgical practice with about 800 cases reported until date in the English literature. Splenic cysts may be parasitic or non-parasitic in origin. Nonparasitic cysts are either primary or secondary. Primary cysts are also called true, congenital, epidermoid or epithelial cysts. Primary splenic cysts account for 10% of all benign non-parasitic splenic cysts and are the most frequent type of splenic cysts in children. Usually, splenic cysts are asymptomatic and can be found incidentally during imaging techniques or on laparotomy. The symptoms are related to the size of cysts. When they assume large sizes, they may present with fullness in the left abdomen, local or referred pain, symptoms due to compression of adjacent structures (like nausea, vomiting, flatulence, diarrhoea) or rarely thrombocytopenia, and occasionally complications such as infection, rupture and/or haemorrhage. The preoperative diagnosis of primary splenic cysts can be ascertained by ultrasonography (USG), computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, although the wide use of USG today has led to an increase in the incidence of splenic cysts by 1%. However, careful histopathological evaluation along with immunostaining for presence of epithelial lining is mandatory to arrive at the diagnosis. The treatment has changed drastically from total splenectomy in the past to splenic preservation methods recently.

Epidermoid cyst of spleen: 2 cases

“…Sonuç olarak, olgularımızın birinde ön tanıda kist hidatik düşünülmüştür. Dalak kistlerinde ayırıcı tanıya kist hidatik, konjenital kist, posttravmatik psödokist, infeksiyon, püyojenik dalak absesi, pankreatik psödo-kist, metastatik lezyonlar ve hemanjiom/lenfanjiom gibi kistik neoplazmlar alınmalıdır (10) .…”

Quiste esplénico gigante en una adolescente: Caso clínico

“…In this case presented, we opted for the open approach due to the large size and little remnant splenic tissue, as described in other publications 3,9,12 . The ovarian finding initially raised special diagnostic needs and made it advisable to expand the surgical exploration.…”

“…Salmonella) or spontaneous bleeding or rupture or trauma, which can be life-threatening. Exceptionally, it is described as malignant transformation 9 . The most widely used technique in giant cysts, with limited splenic parenchyma, especially in children older than 6 years, is total splenectomy.…”

“…CT and magnetic resonance imaging are of choice in the diagnosis and planning of the surgical strategy 3,8,9 . In large cysts, CT with 3-D reconstruction may show the relationship with hilum vessels and remaining spleen size.…”

Laparoscopic splenectomy for intra-parenchymal epithelial cyst

“…[2] It has been recommended that symptomatic splenic cysts larger than 5 cm should be treated for their rupture, bleeding, and infection potential. [3,4] The optimal surgical treatment modality of non-parasitic splenic cysts still remains to be a controversial issue. Today improved surgical techniques and instruments have resulted in the standard utilization of laparoscopic surgery in diseases of the spleen.…”