Epistaxis

Hamlett, Katharine; Yaneza, M M C; Grimmond, Natasha

doi:10.1016/j.mpsur.2021.08.002

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Epistaxis is one of the common reasons for consulting the Otolaryngology clinic and admission to the emergency unit, both in children and adults [7]. The majority of the epistaxis cases are seen in the outpatient clinic, 0.5% of the cases are admitted to the emergency units, and 0.2% require admission to the hospital [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Epistaxis at a Private Otolaryngology Clinic, Ramadi City, Iraq

Al-Ani

2024

amj

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Background: Epistaxis is a common condition in daily clinical practice and is presented either in emergency units or outpatient otolaryngology clinic. There is no relevant local study regarding its prevalence and clinical profile. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and demographic and clinical profile of patients with epistaxis. Materials and methods: We prospectively reviewed the patients with epistaxis during the year 2021. Detailed information regarding every subject's demographic and clinical aspects was registered and analyzed. Results: Of the 6645 patients visiting the private clinic, 344 (5.2%) had epistaxis. The highest proportion of patients was registered in June (12.5%). There were 53.5% males, 48.3% from the age group 11-18 years, and 80.02% lived inside the city. Around 60% were presented within 1-2 days from the bleeding onset. Unilateral epistaxis was seen in 74.4% of the cases (143 from the right and 113 from the left side). The majority of bleeding was from the anterior part (97.1%) and with mild form (96.5%). About 80% of the subjects had recurrent attacks of epistaxis. Early presentation (1-2 days) was seen more in the age group > 50 years (9/12), bleeding from the posterior part (10/10), severe epistaxis (11/12), patients with the first attack of bleeding (77%), and with idiopathic (19.77%) cause (P-value < 0.05). The majority of the cases (84.3%) were treated conservatively. Conclusion:The prevalence of epistaxis was 5.2%. June registered the highest cases of bleeding. The age group of 11-18 years and males were mostly affected. The age, site, severity, cause, and patient with the first attack were significantly affected the presentation time. Conservative treatment was effective in the majority of cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Epistaxis at a Private Otolaryngology Clinic, Ramadi City, Iraq

Al-Ani

2024

amj

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“…While oxymetazoline was utilized as a primary treatment option of epistaxis in the case scenario, it is contraindicated in patients with hypertension and other common cardiovascular disease risk factors, which are so common in the aging population. [3] While oxymetazoline combined with nasal packing insertion is the most commonly used therapy in the emergent setting to control epistaxis, the use of TXA is a growing trend. A prospective study by Whitworth et al concluded that 39% of TXA patients and 75% of oxymetazoline patients experienced recurrent hemorrhage (n = 38, 95% CI).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epistaxis affects much of the population and accounts for 1 in 200 emergency room visits, with children and elderly being the most affected populations. [1] Currently, primary treatment includes standard measures such as silver nitrate cauterization, topical medication application with agents such as oxymetazoline, nasal packing, evaluation, and management by an otolaryngology specialist, and/or a combination of the above therapies [2] [3]. The use of tranexamic acid (TXA) is an emerging adjunct treatment for epistaxis, usually used to soak the packing material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost Effective Trend in Epistaxis Management

Sereda¹,

Hall²

2023

IJOHNS

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Background: Epistaxis affects much of the population and is a common medical complaint seen across a variety of medical settings. Current standard of care treatment includes a range of options from topical therapy to invasive intranasal device insertion in the absence of on-demand specialist involvement. Aim: The aim of this article is to not only highlight superior outcomes in patients with acute nontraumatic epistaxis that are treated with noninvasive nebulized tranexamic acid instead of more invasive options, but also monetary benefit to the community through reduced costs. Case Presentation: this case report highlights a successful epistaxis resolution with use of tranexamic acid in a 64-year-old female after she was subjected to intranasal device insertion that did not resolve bleeding. Conclusion: Nebulized tranexamic acid is a cost-effective medication that not only reduces rates of recurrence, but it also increases patient satisfaction while minimizing overall healthcare costs, and therefore should be the first choice therapy in uncomplicated epistaxis management.

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“…Severe nosebleeds are defined as any attack of massive hemorrhage from the nose that needs immediate resuscitation and management (14). Fluid replacement and blood transfusion are necessary for 20% of patients with hemodynamically unstable conditions (15).…”

Section: Severe Epistaxismentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of S-point in the Management of Severe Epistaxis

Al-Ani¹

2023

Al-Kindy Col. Med. J

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Although severe epistaxis is uncommon, it is serious. The systematic endoscopic nasal examination is an essential step in identifying the bleeding point and aiding electrocauterization. Currently, the S-point, which is located in the superior part of the nasal septum behind the septal body and corresponding to the axilla of the middle concha, is identified in about 30% of cases with severe epistaxis. Cauterization of this point has an excellent rate of controlling the bleeding and preventing its recurrence. We aimed to highlight the significance of the S-point in the management of severe cases of epistaxis.

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Epistaxis

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Epistaxis at a Private Otolaryngology Clinic, Ramadi City, Iraq

Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Epistaxis at a Private Otolaryngology Clinic, Ramadi City, Iraq

Cost Effective Trend in Epistaxis Management

Importance of S-point in the Management of Severe Epistaxis

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