Episodic Aseismic Slip at Plate Boundaries

Schwartz, S. Y.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53802-4.00084-1

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 173 publications

(202 reference statements)

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“…In different regions, a striking characteristic is that SSE and tremors appear regularly, with periods from several months to a couple of years, with a characteristic duration of weeks. The episodic tremors and slips (ETS) are widely assumed to dissipate strain energy accumulating from ongoing convergence along the deeper region of the plate interface (Schwartz, ). It remains difficult to locate with precision the mass changes associated with the SSE events, as well as to investigate the possible release and migration of fluids suggested by Boyarko and Brudzinski () and Dragert et al ().…”

Section: Monitoring Geophysical Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysics From Terrestrial Time‐Variable Gravity Measurements

Camp

Viron

Watlet

et al. 2017

Reviews of Geophysics

180

114

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In a context of global change and increasing anthropic pressure on the environment, monitoring the Earth system and its evolution has become one of the key missions of geosciences. Geodesy is the geoscience that measures the geometric shape of the Earth, its orientation in space, and gravity field. Time‐variable gravity, because of its high accuracy, can be used to build an enhanced picture and understanding of the changing Earth. Ground‐based gravimetry can determine the change in gravity related to the Earth rotation fluctuation, to celestial body and Earth attractions, to the mass in the direct vicinity of the instruments, and to vertical displacement of the instrument itself on the ground. In this paper, we review the geophysical questions that can be addressed by ground gravimeters used to monitor time‐variable gravity. This is done in relation to the instrumental characteristics, noise sources, and good practices. We also discuss the next challenges to be met by ground gravimetry, the place that terrestrial gravimetry should hold in the Earth observation system, and perspectives and recommendations about the future of ground gravity instrumentation.

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Section: Monitoring Geophysical Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysics From Terrestrial Time‐Variable Gravity Measurements

Camp

Viron

Watlet

et al. 2017

Reviews of Geophysics

180

114

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“…Faults can release stress by distinct slip modes, including steady creep, fast rupturing earthquakes, slow‐slip events, and deep tectonic tremors [ Ide et al , ; Peng and Gomberg , ; Schwartz , , and references therein]. Among them, tremor has been well studied since its first discovery in the subduction zone beneath southwest Japan [ Obara , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐resolution deep tectonic tremor locations beneath the San Andreas Fault near Cholame, California, using the double‐pair double‐difference location method

et al. 2017

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We determine high‐precision deep tectonic tremor locations beneath the San Andreas Fault (SAF) near Cholame, California, region by using a newly developed double‐pair double‐difference location method and a new 3‐D Vs model. Compared to the previous results, newly determined tremor locations are more consistent with known low‐frequency earthquake locations and are more concentrated along the SAF. New tremor locations near Cholame show clear contrast in the predominant depth of the tremor activity across the SAF and also show contrasts in the degree of periodic behavior both along and across the SAF. They collectively define a very special tremor generation region (VSTR) near the intersection corner between the SAF and the adjacent San Juan Fault (SJF). In the VSTR, new locations reveal some isolated tremor clusters, which may occur on multiple deep fault patches. For these isolated clusters, some are closer to the SAF and some are closer to the SJF, implying that both the SAF and SJF may extend to the ductile lower crust. Possible interaction between the SAF and SJF in the lower crust beneath the VSTR, combined with the trapped high‐pressure fluids, may explain the strong tremor activity, the isolated tremor clusters, and the characteristic tremor occurrence patterns and depth distributions in this region.

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“…a few minutes) and the time intervals between significant energy bursts (e.g., S waves) at neighboring stations are almost identical. A direct consequence of such source mechanisms is that the envelope functions at neighboring stations have very high similarities (e.g., Figure 7 in [33]); therefore, the cross-correlation lag times between stations can be treated as the differential S wave travel times for relocating tremors. The source mechanisms of landslides can be very different from those of nonvolcanic tremors, and the similarities of the envelope functions at neighboring stations are not as high, especially when taking into account the relatively larger station gaps of the broadband network in Taiwan.…”

Section: Landslide Relocation Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Automated Real-Time Detection and Location of Large-Scale Landslides through Seismic Waveform Back Projection

et al. 2019

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Rainfall-triggered landslides are one of the most deadly natural hazards in many regions. Seismic recordings have been used to examine source mechanisms and to develop monitoring systems of landslides. We present a semiautomatic algorithm for detecting and locating landslide events using both broadband and short-period recordings and have successfully applied our system to landslides in Taiwan. Compared to local earthquake recordings, the recordings of landslides usually show longer durations and lack distinctive P and S wave arrivals; therefore, the back projection method is adopted for the landslide detection and location. To identify the potential landslide events, the seismic recordings are band-passed from 1 to 3 Hz and the spectrum pattern in the time-frequency domain is used to distinguish landslides from other types of seismic sources based upon carefully selected empirical criteria. Satellite images before and after the detected and located landslide events are used for final confirmation. Our landslide detection and spatial-temporal location system could potentially benefit the establishment of rainfall-triggered landslide forecast models and provide more reliable constraints for physics-based landslide modeling. The accumulating seismic recordings of landslide events could be used as a training dataset for machine learning techniques, which will allow us to fully automate our system in the near future.

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Episodic Aseismic Slip at Plate Boundaries

Cited by 8 publications

References 173 publications

Geophysics From Terrestrial Time‐Variable Gravity Measurements

Geophysics From Terrestrial Time‐Variable Gravity Measurements

High‐resolution deep tectonic tremor locations beneath the San Andreas Fault near Cholame, California, using the double‐pair double‐difference location method

Towards Automated Real-Time Detection and Location of Large-Scale Landslides through Seismic Waveform Back Projection

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