Episodes of clinical mastitis and its relationship with duration of treatment and seasonality in crossbred cows maintained in organized dairy farm

Kumar, Naveen; Manimaran, A.; Kumaresan, A.; Sreela, L.; Patbandha, T.K.; Tiwari, Swati; Chandra, Subhash

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2016.75-79

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The reason for recurrent mastitis can be either a persistent infection of the bovine mammary gland by a mastitis pathogen or a reinfection of a quarter or udder after bacteriological cure. Similar finding was reported by Lehtolainen et al (2003), Grieger et al, (2014) and Kumar et al (2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Incidence of Clinical Mastitis and its Influence on Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows

Elmaghraby¹,

El‐Nahas²,

Fathala³

et al. 2017

AJVS

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Key words:Clinical mastitis, Reproductive Performance, Dairy CowsThe objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of clinical mastitis (CM) in relation to some risk factors and its impact on reproductive performance of Holstein cows. Lactation records (n = 1875) were obtained from Dina farms covering the period between 2013 and 2016. One third of cows (647/1875) had contracted at least one episode of CM throughout the entire lactation. Frequency of CM decreased progressively with the month of lactation, and approximately half of the cases occurred within the first three months postpartum. Incidence decreased (P<0.001) with level of milk yield, but increased (P<0.001) with parity. CM significantly (P<0.05) increased calving to first estrus (+ 7.7 days), and to calving first insemination intervals (+6.5 days) compared to non-affected ones. Furthermore, cows contracted CM before conception required 31 days more and +0.47 inseminations to conceive than cows without mastitis. In brief, CM has a negative impact on reproductive performance of Holstein cows, and its occurrence is associated with level of milk yield, lactation order and stage of lactation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Incidence of Clinical Mastitis and its Influence on Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows

Elmaghraby¹,

El‐Nahas²,

Fathala³

et al. 2017

AJVS

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“…In this study, cows with a previous history of mastitis were more likely to have mastitis again compared to cows with no previous history of mastitis. A similar finding was reported by Mekonnen et al [57] in Ethiopia, Kumar et al [58] in India, and Oliveira et al [59] in Brazil. However, it contrasted with findings by Abebe et al [2], Ethiopia, who did not find any association between history of mastitis and future occurrence of mastitis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In addition, indiscriminate use of antibiotics by farmers leading to the development of mastitis resistance pathogens was believed to be a critical contributor for the recurrence of mastitis in this current study (unpublished data). Certainly, such cows need to be culled to prevent further transmission of mastitis in the farms [12,58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Etiology, and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Dairy Cattle in Embu and Kajiado Counties, Kenya

Mbindyo

Gitao

Mulei

2020

Veterinary Medicine International

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Bovine mastitis continues to be a leading cause of heavy economic losses in the dairy industry and a public health hazard globally. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence, etiologies of clinical and subclinical mastitis, and associated predisposing factors in Embu and Kajiado counties in Kenya. A semistructured questionnaire was administered to 154 smallholder dairy farmers to collect data on management practices, animal factors, and disease history. A total of 395 dairy cows were initially screened for subclinical mastitis using the California mastitis test (CMT), and milk samples were aseptically collected. Both CMT positive and CMT negative samples were analyzed using conventional bacteriological isolation and identification procedures. In the present study, the overall prevalence of mastitis based on CMT and clinical examination was 80% (316/395), out of which 6.8% (27/395) was clinical mastitis, while 73.1% (289/395) was subclinical mastitis. Based on culture, the overall prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis was 51.6% (815/1580), 74.4% (294/395), and 76.6% (118/154) at the quarter, cow, and farm level, respectively. From the 1574 milk samples analyzed by cultured, 1016 bacteria were yielded. The predominant bacteria were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), 42.8% (435/1016), and in decreasing order, Streptococcus species, 22.2% (226/1016), Staphylococcus aureus, 15.7% (160/1016), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 5.1% (52/1016), and the least was Enterobacter species, 0.7% (7/1016), while 23.7% of the sample yielded no bacterial growth. Risk factor analysis revealed that milking mastitic cows last (p=0.002), using a clean udder drying towel for each cow (p=0.033) and previous history of mastitis (p=0.046) were significantly associated with presence of mastitis. The current study has shown a relatively high prevalence of subclinical mastitis with CNS as predominant bacteria. Therefore, control measures are urgently warranted. Management factors such as milking mastitic cows last, using a clean towel for udder drying for each cow, and culling mastitic cows should be considered and included in the Kenyan mastitis control programs.

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“…Moreover, because 60% of surveyed producers reported maintaining treatment records, fewer farmers relied exclusively on recall. However, because our recall period was 6 mo and antibiotic use can be seasonal (Bishop et al, 1980;Laven and Lawrence, 2006;Moosavi et al, 2014;Kumar et al, 2016), our rates of antibiotic use may not accurately quantify the antibiotic use that occurs over the course of a year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of antibiotic use on dairy farms in Pennsylvania

Redding

Bender

Baker

2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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Antibiotic use data are critical for drawing conclusions about the epidemiological connections between antibiotic use in farms animals, antibiotic resistance, animal health, and human health. The goal of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively characterize antibiotic use on dairy farms in Pennsylvania, the state with second largest number of dairy farms nationally. A survey was sent to 10% of the 6,580 dairy farms registered in Pennsylvania and completed by 235 producers (response rate of 36%). Data on antibiotic use in the previous month and in the previous 6 mo were collected based on farmer self-report, using either recall or treatment records. Two metrics were used to quantify antibiotic consumption: animal-defined daily doses (ADD) and days of therapy (DOT), a metric used in human medicine for purposes of antimicrobial stewardship. Across all farms, 24,444 ADD and 19,029 DOT were reported, representing treatment incidences of 4.2 ADD/1,000 animal-days and 3.3 DOT/1,000 animal-days. These rates were generally lower than those found in other states and countries. The main indication for antibiotic use was mastitis, and firstgeneration cephalosporins were the most commonly used class of antibiotic for all indications, followed by penicillins and third-generation cephalosporins. Trends in use were similar for ADD and DOT, but the numbers of recorded DOT and associated treatment incidences were generally lower than the number of ADD and associated treatment incidences. Rates of treatment were significantly associated with herd size. This study is the first to quantify antibiotic use on dairy farms in Pennsylvania and the first to use the DOT metric in a dairy setting.

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Episodes of clinical mastitis and its relationship with duration of treatment and seasonality in crossbred cows maintained in organized dairy farm

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Incidence of Clinical Mastitis and its Influence on Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows

Incidence of Clinical Mastitis and its Influence on Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows

Prevalence, Etiology, and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Dairy Cattle in Embu and Kajiado Counties, Kenya

Quantification of antibiotic use on dairy farms in Pennsylvania

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