EpiReview: Notifications of Q fever in NSW, 2001 - 2010

Lowbridge, Christopher; Tobin, Sean; Seale, Holly; Ferson, Mark J

doi:10.1071/nb11037

Cited by 19 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Similar to other studies, the majority of Q fever cases were men and adults [8–10]. In this study, men were more involved in the ‘at risk’ exposures than women, but the gender difference could be explained by the protective role of female hormones [11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Epidemiological Characteristics of Serologically Confirmed Q Fever Cases in South Korea, 2006–2011

Kwak

Chu

Hwang

et al. 2013

Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

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Objectives:Q fever has been reported worldwide; however, there was almost no official report of Q fever in Korea. In this study, we describe the current status of human Q fever occurrence in Korea.Methods:Demographic data of Q fever patients were collected from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System from 2006 to 2011. Case investigation reports from regional public health departments were used for additional information, like risk factors and clinical manifestation, of the patients since 2008.Results:There were 65 serologically confirmed cases during the study period. The annual notification rate of Q fever was 0.22 cases per million persons. The majority of cases were men (87.7%), adults (98.5%), and urban inhabitants (67.7%). Relevant exposures to risk factors were identified in 45.7% of patients. The most common symptoms of acute Q fever were fever (89.3%), myalgia (67.9%) and asthenia (53.6%). Two cases with endocarditis were identified in chronic Q fever.Conclusion:This study suggests that Q fever has a low endemicity in Korea. However, management and research at national level is required for prevention of a future epidemic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…A clustering of cases in spring is associated with the animal birth season, as C. burnetti is highly concentrated in the amniotic fluids or placental tissues of infected animals [13]. Occupational contribution was not high in comparison with other countries [10,14]. It needs to be interpreted with regards to the workforce structure of Korea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Characteristics of Serologically Confirmed Q Fever Cases in South Korea, 2006–2011

Kwak

Chu

Hwang

et al. 2013

Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

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“…The use of the Q fever vaccine as part of a government sponsored industry immunization program reduced the incident of Q fever over a decade from 4.5 to 2.8 cases per 100,000 persons per year. 30 The paucity of Q fever cases in children has been already reported in Australia, 31,32 but when it does occur, chronic osteomyelitis is the main clinical presentation. 33,34 One important new finding from the current study is the role of macropods (especially kangaroos) in the epidemiology of Q fever in Australia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25][26][27][28] A seroprevalence study in the Hunter New England (northeast) region of NSW showed a seroprevalence range from 0.5% in the city (Newcastle) to a maximum of 22% in a rural area. 29 A 10-year summary (2001-2010) of the NSW official Q fever notification data 30 overlapped with the current study (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013). In both studies, similar conclusions were noted, including the predominance of cases in rural NSW, in middle-aged males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endemic Q Fever in New South Wales, Australia: A Case Series (2005–2013)

Graves

Islam

2016

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Q fever is endemic in Australia, and during the period 2005-2013 our laboratory diagnosed 379 cases in New South Wales. To evaluate clinical symptoms, epidemiology, mode of diagnosis, antibody profiles, and treatment, a subset of 160 (42%) Q fever cases were analyzed in detail following the return of a questionnaire by the patient's doctor and from their laboratory reports. Overall, 82% patients were male and predominantly middle aged. The majority of patients (89%) had animal contact among which 63% were with cattle, 11% with sheep, and 7% with kangaroos. Clinical symptoms were nonspecific: myalgia (94%), fever (91%), headache (80%), acute fatigue (64%), and arthralgia (55%). Most cases (93%) were acute, and serology (immunofluorescence) was the main diagnostic modality. Positive real-time polymerase chain reaction results were useful in the diagnosis of both acute and chronic Q fever, as was the isolation of Coxiella burnetii in cell culture. Doxycycline was the antibiotic most commonly used. BACKGROUND

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“…Despite the worldwide distribution of human Q fever, it is mostly reported in countries located in temperate zones (between 23.5°N and 66.5°N, and 23.5°S and 66.5°S), including Europe (i.e., France, the Netherlands, Spanish, Germany, Bulgaria, Spain, and Switzerland) [1], [5], [6], [8], [9], [13], North America (i.e., USA and Canada) [4], [10], [11], [14], Northeast Asia (i.e., Japan and South Korea) [15], [16], Western Asia (i.e., Israel) [17], Northwest Africa (i.e., Spain’s Canary Islands) [18], and South Australia [19]. In countries located in tropical zones (between 23.5° north and south of the equator), however, Q fever is rarely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics of Q Fever and Etiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in a Tropical Region of Southern Taiwan: A Prospective Observational Study

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe clinical characteristics of Q fever are poorly identified in the tropics. Fever with pneumonia or hepatitis are the dominant presentations of acute Q fever, which exhibits geographic variability. In southern Taiwan, which is located in a tropical region, the role of Q fever in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has never been investigated.Methodology/Principal FindingsDuring the study period, May 2012 to April 2013, 166 cases of adult CAP and 15 cases of acute Q fever were prospectively investigated. Cultures of clinical specimens, urine antigen tests for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila, and paired serologic assessments for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) were used for identifying pathogens associated with CAP. From April 2004 to April 2013 (the pre-study period), 122 cases of acute Q fever were also included retrospectively for analysis. The geographic distribution of Q fever and CAP cases was similar. Q fever cases were identified in warmer seasons and younger ages than CAP. Based on multivariate analysis, male gender, chills, thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver enzymes were independent characteristics associated with Q fever. In patients with Q fever, 95% and 13.5% of cases presented with hepatitis and pneumonia, respectively. Twelve (7.2%) cases of CAP were seropositive for C. burnetii antibodies, but none of them had acute Q fever. Among CAP cases, 22.9% had a CURB-65 score ≧2, and 45.8% had identifiable pathogens. Haemophilus parainfluenzae (14.5%), S. pneumoniae (6.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.8%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (3.0%) were the most common pathogens identified by cultures or urine antigen tests. Moreover, M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and co-infection with 2 pathogens accounted for 9.0%, 7.8%, and 1.8%, respectively.ConclusionsIn southern Taiwan, Q fever is an endemic disease with hepatitis as the major presentation and is not a common etiology of CAP.

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EpiReview: Notifications of Q fever in NSW, 2001 - 2010

Abstract: The results suggest changes in the epidemiology of Q fever in response to the targeted vaccination program.

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Epidemiological Characteristics of Serologically Confirmed Q Fever Cases in South Korea, 2006–2011

Epidemiological Characteristics of Serologically Confirmed Q Fever Cases in South Korea, 2006–2011

Endemic Q Fever in New South Wales, Australia: A Case Series (2005–2013)

Clinical Characteristics of Q Fever and Etiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in a Tropical Region of Southern Taiwan: A Prospective Observational Study

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